Sistiserkus

Ilustrasi Cysticercus cellulosae (larva Taenia solium). Kiri: Sistiserkus dari babi menunjukkan skoleks yang terinvagiasi (terlipat ke dalam). Kanan: Sistiserkus dari manusia menunjukkan skoleks yang terevaginasi (terlipat ke luar).
Kiri (a): Spesimen kasar sistiserkus yang direseksi dari otak manusia. Kanan (b): fotomikrograf pewarnaan hematoksilin dan eosin yang memperlihatkan sistiserkus selulosa

Sistiserkus (bahasa Inggris: cysticercus, bentuk plural: cysticerci) adalah nama ilmiah yang diberikan pada larva cacing dalam genus Taenia. Bentuknya berupa vesikel kecil seperti kantung yang menyerupai kandung kemih; karenanya, ia juga dikenal sebagai cacing kandung kemih. Sistiserkus berisi cairan, yang di dalamnya terdapat tubuh utama larva yang disebut skoleks.[1] Pada akhirnya, skoleks akan berkembang dan menjadi "bagian kepala" cacing pita. Sistiserkus merupakan fase setelah telur cacing, yang sebelumnya ditelan oleh inang perantara seperti babi dan sapi.

Infeksi sistiserkus pada jaringan inang disebut sistiserkosis, yang biasanya terjadi di jaringan otot. Ketika manusia mengonsumsi daging babi atau daging sapi mentah atau setengah matang yang terkontaminasi sistiserkus, larva akan tumbuh menjadi cacing dewasa di dalam usus dan mengakibatkan taeniasis. Dalam keadaan tertentu, telur cacing pita babi (Taenia solium) dapat tertelan oleh manusia secara tidak sengaja akibat konsumsi bahan makanan yang terkontaminasi. Dalam kasus ini, telur cacing di dalam tubuh akan menetas dan berkembang menjadi sistiserkus, yang umumnya bergerak ke jaringan otot (mengakibatkan sistiserkosis) serta ke dalam otak (mengakibatkan neurosistiserkosis).[2] Manifestasi infeksi sistiserkus pada otak di antaranya adalah epilepsi.[3]

Referensi

  1. ^ Parker, Sybil, P (1984). McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Biology. McGraw-Hill Company. 
  2. ^ Del Brutto, O. H. (2002). "Meningeal Cysticercosis". Dalam Singh, G.; Prabhakar, S. Taenia solium cysticercosis from basic to clinical science. Wallingford, Oxon, UK: CABI Publishing. hlm. 177–188. ISBN 978-0-85199-839-8. 
  3. ^ Gonzales, I.; Rivera, J. T.; Garcia, H. H. (2016). "Pathogenesis of Taenia solium taeniasis and cysticercosis". Parasite Immunology. 38 (3): 136–146. doi:10.1111/pim.12307. PMID 26824681. 

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