Ras Mongoloid

Ras Mongoloid adalah pengelompokan ras yang sudah usang terhadap pelbagai penduduk asli yang menghuni sebagian besar Asia, Amerika, dan beberapa wilayah di Eropa dan Oseania. Istilah ini berasal dari teori ras biologis yang sekarang sudah tidak terbukti. [1] Di masa lalu, istilah lain seperti "ras Mongolia", "kulit kuning", "Asian", dan "Oriental" telah digunakan sebagai sinonim.

Konsep membagi manusia menjadi ras Mongoloid, Kaukasoid, dan Negroid diperkenalkan pada tahun 1780-an oleh para anggota mazhab sejarah Göttingen. Konsep ini kemudian dikembangkan lebih lanjut oleh para cendekiawan Barat dalam konteks ideologi rasis selama era kolonialisme. [2] Dengan munculnya ilmu pengetahuan modern, konsep ras manusia yang berbeda dalam arti biologis menjadi tidak relevan. Pada tahun 2019, Asosiasi Antropolog Biologi Amerika menyatakan: "Kepercayaan terhadap 'ras' sebagai aspek alamiah dari biologi manusia, dan struktur ketidaksetaraan (rasisme) yang muncul dari kepercayaan semacam itu, merupakan salah satu elemen yang paling merusak dalam kehidupan manusia, baik saat ini maupun pada masa lalu."[2]

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Templeton, A. (2016). "Evolution and Notions of Human Race". Dalam Losos, J.; Lenski, R. How Evolution Shapes Our Lives: Essays on Biology and Society. Princeton; Oxford: Princeton University Press. hlm. 346–361. doi:10.2307/j.ctv7h0s6j.26. 
  2. ^ a b American Association of Physical Anthropologists (27 March 2019). "AAPA Statement on Race and Racism". American Association of Physical Anthropologists. Diakses tanggal 19 June 2020.  The organization has since been renamed the American Association of Biological Anthropologists.

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