Monyet kra

Monyet ekor panjang
Macaca fascicularis Edit nilai pada Wikidata

Ngarai Sianok, Bukittinggi, Sumatera Barat
Rekaman
Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Status konservasi
Taksonomi
KelasMammalia
OrdoPrimates
SuperfamiliCercopithecoidea
FamiliCercopithecidae
GenusMacaca
SpesiesMacaca fascicularis Edit nilai pada Wikidata
(Raffles, 1821)
Tata nama
ProtonimSimia fascicularis Edit nilai pada Wikidata
Distribusi

Persebaran monyet ekor panjang
Monyet kra di Taman Hutan Raya Juanda.

Monyet kra[1] (Macaca fascicularis) adalah monyet asli Asia Tenggara namun sekarang tersebar di berbagai tempat di Asia. Nama lokalnya dalam bahasa Melayu, kra atau kera, adalah tiruan bunyi yang dikeluarkan oleh hewan ini.[2] Dalam literatur-literatur lama, spesies ini acap disebut sebagai kera ekor panjang atau monyet ekor panjang (dari bahasa Inggris, long-tailed macaque), monyet pemakan kepiting (Ingg., crab-eating monkey), atau monyet saja.

Monyet ini sangat adaptif dan termasuk hewan liar yang mampu mengikuti perkembangan peradaban manusia. Selain menjadi hewan timangan atau pertunjukan, monyet ini juga digunakan dalam berbagai percobaan kedokteran. Di beberapa tempat, seperti halnya di Sangeh, Bali, monyet kra dianggap sebagai hewan yang dikeramatkan dan tidak boleh diganggu.

Pengenalan

Bayi kra menyusu pada induknya

Monyet bertubuh kecil sedang; dengan panjang kepala dan tubuh 400–470 mm, ekor 500–600 mm, dan kaki belakang (tumit hingga ujung jari) 140 mm. Berat hewan betina 3–4 kg, jantan dewasa mencapai 5–7 kg.[1]

Warna rambut di tubuhnya cokelat abu-abu hingga tengguli; sisi bawah selalu lebih pucat. Jambang pipi sering mencolok. Bayi-bayinya berwarna kehitaman.[1]

Habitat dan kebiasaan

Monyet kra umum ditemukan di hutan-hutan pesisir (mangrove, hutan pantai), dan hutan-hutan sepanjang sungai besar; di dekat perkampungan, kebun campuran, atau perkebunan; pada beberapa tempat hingga ketinggian 1.300 mdpl. Jenis ini sering membentuk kelompok hingga 20–30 ekor banyaknya; dengan 2–4 jantan dewasa dan selebihnya betina dan anak-anak.[1]

Kra memakan aneka buah-buahan dan memangsa berbagai jenis hewan kecil seperti ketam, serangga, telur, dan lain-lain. Kadang-kadang kelompok monyet ini memakan tanaman di kebun.[1]

Catatan kaki

  1. ^ a b c d e Payne, J., C.M. Francis, K. Phillipps, S.N. Kartikasari. 2000. Panduan Lapangan Mamalia di Kalimantan, Sabah, Sarawak & Brunei Darussalam. The Sabah Society, Wildlife Conservation Society dan World Wildlife Fund Malaysia. Hal. 250
  2. ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama raffles

Pranala luar

Wikispecies mempunyai informasi mengenai Crab-eating Macaque.
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Macaca fascicularis.


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