Konvensi Jenewa Pertama

Konvensi Jenewa Pertama

Konvensi Jenewa Pertama mengenai Perbaikan Keadaan Anggota Angkatan Bersenjata yang Terluka dan Sakit di Darat adalah salah satu dari empat perjanjian yang dikenal dengan sebutan Konvensi Jenewa. Perjanjian ini menetapkan aturan hukum kemanusiaan internasional yang melindungi korban perang.[1] Konvensi Jenewa Pertama ditandatangani di ruangan Alhambra di Balai Kota Jenewa pada 22 Agustus 1864 oleh perwakilan dari dua belas negara:[2]

Awalnya hanya terdapat sepuluh pasal dalam konvensi tahun 1864,[3] tetapi semenjak ini perjanjian ini telah direvisi pada tahun 1906, 1929, dan 1949. Kini perjanjian ini terdiri dari 64 pasal.

Pada dasarnya perjanjian ini melindungi tentara yang sedang tidak bertempur akibat penyakit atau luka (hors de combat). Perjanjian ini juga melindungi petugas medis dan keagamaan serta warga di zona pertempuran. Pada dasarnya prajurit yang sakit dan terluka harus diperlakukan secara manusiawi dan tidak boleh dibunuh, dilukai, atau disiksa.

Referensi

  1. ^ Pictet, Jean S. (1951), "The New Geneva Conventions for the Protection of War Victims", The American Journal of International Law, 45 (3): 462–475, doi:10.2307/2194544 
  2. ^ "Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field. Geneva, 22 August 1864". Geneva, Switzerland: International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC. Diakses tanggal 11 June 2017. 
  3. ^ "Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field. Geneva, 22 August 1864". Geneva, Switzerland: International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC. Diakses tanggal 11 June 2017. 

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