Kehidupan buatan

Simulasi Braitenberg vehicle, diprogram dalam breve, simulator kehidupan buatan

Kehidupan buatan (artificial life, sering disebut ALife atau A-Life) adalah bidang studi di mana para peneliti meneliti sistem yang terkait dengan kehidupan alam, proses, dan evolusinya, melalui penggunaan simulasi dengan model komputer, robotika, dan biokimia.[1] Disiplin ini dicetuskan oleh Christopher Langton, seorang ahli biologi teoretis Amerika, pada tahun 1986.[2] Pada tahun 1987 Langton menyelenggarakan konferensi lapangan pertama, di Los Alamos, New Mexico.[3] Ada tiga jenis utama kehidupan buatan,[4] yang dinamai berdasarkan pendekatannya: lunak,[5] dari perangkat lunak; keras,[6] dari perangkat keras; dan basah, dari biokimia. Peneliti kehidupan buatan mempelajari biologi konvensional dengan mencoba menciptakan ulang berbagai aspek dalam fenomena biologis.[7][8]

Referensi

  1. ^ "Dictionary.com definition". Diakses tanggal 2007-01-19. 
  2. ^ The MIT Encyclopedia of the Cognitive Sciences, The MIT Press, p.37. ISBN 978-0-262-73144-7
  3. ^ "The Game Industry's Dr. Frankenstein". Next Generation. No. 35. Imagine Media. November 1997. hlm. 10. 
  4. ^ Mark A. Bedau (November 2003). "Artificial life: organization, adaptation and complexity from the bottom up" (PDF). Trends in Cognitive Sciences. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2008-12-02. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-19. 
  5. ^ Maciej Komosinski and Andrew Adamatzky (2009). Artificial Life Models in Software. New York: Springer. ISBN 978-1-84882-284-9. 
  6. ^ Andrew Adamatzky and Maciej Komosinski (2009). Artificial Life Models in Hardware. New York: Springer. ISBN 978-1-84882-529-1. 
  7. ^ Langton, Christopher. "What is Artificial Life?". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-01-17. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-19. 
  8. ^ Aguilar, W., Santamaría-Bonfil, G., Froese, T., and Gershenson, C. (2014). The past, present, and future of artificial life. Frontiers in Robotics and AI, 1(8). https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2014.00008

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