Jalur kereta api Liverpool dan Manchester

Jalur kereta api Liverpool dan Manchester
Litograf Liverpool and Manchester Railway yang sedang melintasi kanal Bridgewater di Patricroft, karya A. B. Clayton.
Ikhtisar
Kantor pusatLiverpool
LokalLancashire
Tanggal beroperasi1830–1845
PenerusGrand Junction Railway
Teknis
Lebar sepurSepur standar
Panjang jalur50 km

Jalur kereta api Liverpool dan Manchester[1][2][3] atau dalam bahasa Inggris dinamakan Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&MR) adalah jalur kereta api antarkota pertama di dunia.[4][i] Jalur kereta api ini dibuka pada 15 September 1830 antara kota Lancashire, Liverpool dan Manchester di Inggris.[4] L&MR mencatat beberapa rekor sebagai jalur kereta api pertama di dunia yang: bergantung secara eksklusif pada lokomotif yang digerakkan oleh mesin uap, tanpa terganggu oleh lalu lintas kereta kuda, relnya memiliki jalur ganda, sistem persinyalan, perjalanan yang terjadwal dan membawa surat.[5]

Dirancang dan dibangun oleh George Stephenson, jalur kereta api ini berhasil secara finansial dan memengaruhi pengembangan jalur kereta api di seluruh Inggris pada 1830-an. L&MR kemudian diserap oleh mitra bisnis utamanya, Grand Junction Railway (GJR) pada 1845 yang digabung dengan London and Birmingham Railway dan Manchester and Birmingham Railway pada tahun berikutnya sehingga menjadi London and North Western Railway.[6]

Referensi

  1. ^ The Stockton and Darlington Railway opened in 1825, but sections of this line employed cable haulage, and only the coal trains were hauled by locomotives. The Canterbury and Whitstable Railway, opened in May 1830, was also mostly cable hauled. Horse-drawn traffic, including passenger services, used the railway upon payment of a toll.
  1. ^ A History and Description of the Liverpool and Manchester Railway. T. Taylor, 1832.
  2. ^ Arthur Freeling. Freeling's Grand Junction Railway Companion. Whittaker, 1838
  3. ^ James Cornish. The Grand Junction, and the Liverpool and Manchester Railway Companion: Containing an Account of Birmingham, Liverpool, and Manchester. 1837.
  4. ^ a b BBC 2009.
  5. ^ Jarvis 2007, hlm. 20.
  6. ^ Thomas 1980, hlm. 107.
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