Dara-laut batu

Dara-laut batu
Adult on Lady Elliot Island, Australia
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:
Animalia
Filum:
Chordata
Kelas:
Aves
Ordo:
Charadriiformes
Famili:
Sternidae
Genus:
Onychoprion
Spesies:
O. anaethetus
Nama binomial
Onychoprion anaethetus
(Scopoli, 1786)
Sinonim

Sterna anaethetus Scopoli, 1786

Onychoprion anaethetus

Dara-laut batu (Onychoprion anaethetus) adalah spesies burung dalam famili Sternidae.

Penyebaran dan subspesies

Burung ini menetap di lepas pantai Sunda Besar, Wallacea dan Papua, terlihat dekat pantai. Kebanyakan tinggal sepanjang pergantian bulu pada musim dingin. Terdiri dari enam subspesies, dengan daerah persebaran:[2]

  1. O. a. melanoptera (Swainson, 1837), tersebar di Afrika barat.
  2. O. a. fuligula (Lichtenstein, 1844), tersebar di Laut Merah dan Afrika timur melalui Teluk Persia dan Laut Arab ke India barat.
  3. O. a. antarctica (Lesson, 1831), tersebar di Madagaskar, Aldabra, Seychelles dan Mascarenes melalui Maldiva ke Kepulauan Andaman.
  4. O. a. anaethetus (Scopoli, 1786), tersebar di Jepang selatan (Kepulauan Ryukyu selatan) dan Taiwan ke selatan melalui Filipina dan Indonesia ke Australia, termasuk Pulau Lord Howe dan Norfolk.
  5. O. a. nelsoni (Ridgway, 1919), tersebar di pesisir barat Meksiko dan Amerika tengah.
  6. O. a. recognita (Mathews, 1912), tersebar di West Indies, Belize dan kepulauan di Venezuela utara.

Tempat hidup dan kebiasaan

Berdiam jauh di tengah laut, mendatangi tepi laut hanya pada cuaca buruk atau semasa berbiak. Kurang bersifat sosial, hidup sendirian atau dalam kelompok kecil. Terbang anggun dan membingkas. Mencari makan dengan mengenduk serangga atau ikan di permukaan air, tidak menyelam. Sering beristirahat pada bangkai kapal atau di atas tiang kapal pada waktu malam. Berbiak dalam kelompok berbaur dengan dara-laut tengkuk-hitam.[2]

Referensi

  1. ^ BirdLife International (2012). "Sterna anaethetus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2013.2. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Diakses tanggal 26 November 2013. 
  2. ^ a b "Dara-laut Batu". Kutilang Indonesia. Diakses tanggal 31 Maret 2014. [pranala nonaktif permanen]

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