שכבת ספינוסום

שכבת ספינוסום
Stratum spinosum
תמונה היסטולוגית המציגה קטע של האפידרמיס. שכבת הספינוסום מסומנת מעט מתחת למרכז.
סיווגים
ICD-11 XA8AM6 עריכת הנתון בוויקינתונים
לעריכה בוויקינתונים שמשמש מקור לחלק מהמידע בתבנית

שכבת הספינוסום (או שכבת השדרה/שכבת תאי העיקצוץ)[1] (בלטינית: Stratum spinosum) היא שכבה של האפידרמיס שנמצאת בין שכבת גרנולוסום לבין שכבת תאי הבסיס.[2] שכבה זו מורכבת מקרטינוציטים פוליהדרלים. אלה מצטרפים לדסמוזומים. המראה הקוצני (בלטינית: spinosum) שלהם נובע מהתכווצות המיקרופילמנטים בין הדסמוזומים המתרחשת כאשר צובעים אותם בצביעת המטוקסילין-אאוזין. הקרטיניזציה מתחילה בשכבת הספינוסום,[3] אם כי הקרטינוציטים בפועל מתחילים בשכבת תאי הבסיס. יש להם גרעינים גדולים מוכתמים חיוורים שכן הם פעילים בסינתזה של חלבונים פיברילרים, הידועים כציטוקרטין, אשר מצטברים בתוך התאים המתקבצים יחד ויוצרים טונופיברילים (מבני חלבון ציטופלזמיים ברקמות אפיתל. הטונופיברילים ממשיכים ליצור את הדסמוזומים, המאפשרים ליצור קשרים חזקים בין קרטינוציטים סמוכים. שכבת הספינוסום מכילה גם תאי לאנגרהנס, המתפקדים כמקרופאג על ידי בליעת חיידקים, חלקיקים זרים ותאים פגומים המתרחשים בשכבה זו.[4]

משמעות קלינית

היפרפלזיה דיפוזית של שכבת ספינוסום מכונה אפידרמיס.

תמונות נוספות

ראו גם

תאי שדרה (באנגלית)

הערות שוליים

  1. ^ Rook, Arthur; Burns, Tony (2004). Rook's textbook of dermatology. Blackwell Science. pp. 3.7–3.8. ISBN 978-0-632-06429-8. OCLC 55097298.
  2. ^ James, William D; Berger, Timothy G; Elston, Dirk M; Odom, Richard B (2006). Andrews' diseases of the skin: clinical dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. p. 2. ISBN 978-0-7216-2921-6. OCLC 62736861.
  3. ^ Marks, James G; Lookingbill, Donald P (2006). Lookingbill and Marks' principles of dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. p. 6. ISBN 978-1-4160-3185-7. OCLC 70829704.
  4. ^ Di Meglio, Paola; Conrad, Curdin (2016). "Psoriasis, Cutaneous Lupus Erithematosus and Immunobiology of the Skin". Encyclopedia of Immunobiology. pp. 192–203. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374279-7.15008-8. ISBN 978-0-08-092152-5.

הבהרה: המידע בוויקיפדיה נועד להעשרה בלבד ואינו מהווה ייעוץ רפואי.

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