התרבות הנוראגית

פסל מברונזה סרדינית (Capo tribù) מהמוזיאון הארכאולוגי הלאומי של קליארי

התרבות הנוראגיתאיטלקית: Civiltà Nuragica) היא תרבות שנוסדה בסרדיניה והתפשטה לאי השכן קורסיקה. היא מקיפה תקופה המתחילה לפני המאה ה-17 לפנה"ס, היא ראשית תקופת הברונזה, עד המאה ה-2, בתקופת הקיסרות הרומית. היא נחשבת לתרבות פרהיסטורית, מאחר שלא התגלו ממצאים בכתב שלה.

שמה של התרבות נובע מהמגדלים הנוראגיים הגולמיים האופייניים לה, פרי התפתחות של התרבות המגליתית, שבה נבנו מבנים מאבנים גדולות ללא חומרי מילוי ביניהם. בתקופה זו נבנו הדולמנים והמנהירים. מספרם של מבנים אלה לסוגיהם מגיע לכ-7,000.

המגדלים הנוראגיים בסרדיניה נחשבים בין המבנים המגליתיים השמורים ביותר באירופה. ישנן מספר השערות בנוגע לתפקידם, לפיהן הם שימשו מצבות, מצודות לשמירה ולהגנה, כבשנים להתכת מתכות, בתי סוהר ומקדשים לאל השמש.

יורדי-ים ומהגרים מארצות הים התיכון החדירו לתרבות הנוראגית יסודות זרים, כמו פולחן המים הקדושים, מצבות של ענקים ופסלים מברונזה. התרבות המשיכה להתקיים במקביל לתרבויות אחרות שהגיעו לאי, דוגמת התרבויות הפיניקית, הקרתגית והרומית, אך לא נטמעה בהן.

התרבות הקדם נוראגית

קישורים חיצוניים

ויקישיתוף מדיה וקבצים בנושא התרבות הנוראגית בוויקישיתוף

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