Mutanen Buduma

Mutanen Buduma
Yankuna masu yawan jama'a
Cadi, Nijar da Najeriya
Ɗan kabilar
Handbook to the ethnographical collections - Buduma shield

Buduma kabila ce ta Chadi, Kamaru, da Najeriya waɗanda ke zaune a yankin tsibirin Tafkin Chadi. Galibinsu masunta ne kuma masu kiwon shanu. A da, Buduma na kai mummunan hari kan garken shanun makwabtansu. Sun kasance masu tsoron mugaye tare da kuma mummunan suna; don haka, an girmama su sannan kuma an bar su su kaɗai har tsawon shekaru, ana kiyaye su ta mazauninsu na ruwa da ciyayi.

A yau, mutane ne masu son zaman lafiya da son zama da son yin wasu canje-canje na zamani. Kodayake maƙwabta suna kiransu Buduma, ma'ana "mutanen ciyawa (ko ciyayi)," sun fi so a kira su Yedina. Ana kiran yarensu da Yedina.[1]

Tarihi

Buduma tana da'awar cewa ta fito ne daga al'ummomin Sao da kuma masarautar Kanem-Bornu .

Yankin Tafkin Chadi ya kasance cikin mulkin siyasa na Daular Kanem-Bornu. A wannan lokacin (musamman kusan ƙarni na 9 zuwa na 16), ƙabilu da yawa a yankin sun haɗu ko sun haɗu saboda sabon ikon siyasa a yankin. Koyaya, wasu al'ummomin sun kasance daban kuma sun ware daga gwamnatin tsakiya. Wannan ya haɗa da Buduma waɗanda suka kafa kansu a cikin tsibirai masu nisa da gabar arewacin tafkin Chadi.[2]

Al'adu

Tattalin arziki

Buduma yawancinsu masunta ne da makiyayan dabbobi. Wasu Buduma suna cikin sana'ar kamun kifi amma kifi dayawa don buƙatun kansu ko na dangi. Shanun da Buduma ke kiwo suna da ƙaho babba da mara daɗi. Wannan yana ba shanu damar yin shawagi cikin sauƙi yayin jigilar su ta ƙetaren kogin ko wasu ruwaye. Buduma da yawa suna amfani da papyrus reeds. Ana amfani da sandunan don gina jiragen ruwan kamun kifi, bukkoki marasa nauyi (ana iya matsar da su zuwa tudu idan tafkin ya hau), da ƙari. Kayan abinci na Buduma sun hada da kifi, madarar shanu, tushen tsiron ruwa (wanda suke nikawa zuwa gari), da sauran abinci yan asalin yankin. Kodayake suna amfani ko cinye samfuran da yawa waɗanda aka samo daga dabbobinsu, Buduma ba ta yawan kashewa da cin su.

Ƙabilu

Buduma ta kasu kashi biyu manyan kungiyoyi wadanda sune Kuri da Buduma. An kara rarraba zuwa kananan kungiyoyi duk da cewa Guria sune mafi girma a cikinsu. Sauran rukunin ƙungiyoyin sun hada da Mehul, Maibuloa, Budjia, Madjigodjia, Ursawa, Kafar sadarwa ta zamani da Siginda. Duk waɗannan rukuni-rukuni an rarraba su zuwa takamaiman zuriya da dangi.

Addini

Buduma musulmai ne. Mishan mishan sun musuluntar dasu a lokacin mulkin mallaka na Faransa a Chadi . Buduma har yanzu ta ƙunshi imani da al'adun gargajiya da yawa cikin ayyukansu na Musulunci.

Manazarta

  1. ↑ Azevedo, Mario J.; Decalo, Samuel (2018). Historical Dictionary of Chad (in Turanci). Rowman & Littlefield. p. 541. ISBN 978-1-5381-1437-7.
  2. ↑ Gritzner, Jeffrey A. "Lake Chad". Britannica.com. Retrieved 13 November 2019.

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