John Donne (/ dʌn/ DUN) (1571 ko 1572 - 31 Maris 1631) mawaƙin Ingilishi ne, masani, soja kuma sakatare da aka haifa a cikin dangin da ba su da tushe, wanda daga baya ya zama limami a Cocin Ingila. A ƙarƙashin ikon sarauta, an nada shi Dean na St Paul's Cathedral a London (1621-1631).[1] An dauke shi babban wakilin mawakan metaphysical. An lura da ayyukansa na waƙa don misalinsu da salon sha'awa kuma sun haɗa da sonnets, waƙoƙin soyayya, waƙoƙin addini, fassarorin Latin, almara, ɗabi'a, waƙoƙi da satires. An kuma san shi da wa’azi.
Salon Donne yana da alamu daban-daban, abubuwan ban tsoro da ɓarna. Wadannan siffofi, tare da yawan kade-kaden kalamansa na ban mamaki ko na yau da kullum, da ma'anarsa mai tsauri da tsantsar balaga, duk sun kasance wani martani ga santsin wakokin Elizabethan na al'ada da kuma daidaitawa zuwa Turanci na bariki na Turai da dabarun ɗabi'a. Aikinsa na farko ya kasance da wakoki da ke da ilimin al'ummar Ingilishi. Wani muhimmin jigo a cikin waƙar Donne shine ra'ayin addini na gaskiya, wani abu da ya ɓata lokaci mai yawa yana yin la'akari da shi sau da yawa. Ya rubuta wakoki na boko da kuma wakokin batsa da na soyayya. Ya shahara musamman don ƙwarensa na tunani metaphysical.[2]
John Donne
Duk da yawan iliminsa da basirar waƙa, Donne ya rayu cikin talauci na shekaru da yawa, yana dogara ga abokai masu arziki. Ya kashe makudan kudaden da ya gada a lokacin da kuma bayan karatunsa a kan harkar mata, adabi, shagala da tafiye-tafiye. A cikin 1601, Donne ya auri Anne More a asirce, wanda yake da 'ya'ya goma sha biyu.[4] A shekara ta 1615 an naɗa shi diacon na Anglican sannan kuma firist, ko da yake ba ya so ya ɗauki umarni masu tsarki kuma ya yi hakan ne kawai domin sarki ya umarta. Ya yi aiki a matsayin memba na Majalisar a 1601 da 1614.
Mutuwarsa
John Donne
Donne ya mutu a ranar 31 ga Maris 1631. An binne shi a tsohuwar cocin St Paul,[3] inda aka gina wani mutum-mutumi na tunawa da Nicholas Stone tare da rubutun Latin mai yiwuwa ya haɗa shi da kansa.[4] Tunawa ya kasance daya daga cikin 'yan tsirarun da suka tsira daga Babban Wuta na London a cikin 1666 kuma yanzu yana cikin Cathedral na St Paul. Izaac Walton ya amabaci cewa mutum-mutumin Done an tsara shine ta siffar yadda bayyanarsa zai-zama a tashin matattu. Ya fara irin wadannan abubuwan tarihi a cikin karni na 17.[5] A cikin 2012, an buɗe bus ɗin mawaƙin na Nigel Boonham a waje a farfajiyar cocin cocin.[22]
