Innealtóireacht ghéiniteach

Luch géin ar lár

Is éard is Innealtóireacht ghéiniteachgéinteicneolaíocht ann, ar a dtugtar freisin modhnú géiniteachionramháil ghéiniteach, ná modhnú agus ionramháil géinte orgánaigh, ag baint úsáide as teicneolaíocht. Is sraith teicneolaíochta í a úsáidtear chun chomhdhéanaimh ghéinitigh na gceall a athrú, lena n-áirítear aistriú géinte laistigh de theorainneacha speiceas agus trasna teorainneacha speiceas chun orgánaigh fheabhsaithe nó núíosacha a tháirgeadh. Faightear ADN nua tríd an ábhar géiniteach inspéise a aonrú agus a chóipeáil ag úsáid teicneolaíocht ADN athchuingrigh nó tríd an ADN a shintéisiú go saorga. Cruthaítear agus úsáidtear veicteoir (nó tógán) de ghnáth chun an ADN seo a chur isteach san óstorgánach. Rinne Paul Berg an chéad mhóilín athchuingreach ADN i 1972 trí an ADN ón víreas moncaí SV40 a chomhcheangal leis an víreas lambda. Chomh maith le géinte a ionsá, is féidir an próiseas a úsáid chun géinte a bhaint, nó a scriosadh. Is féidir an ADN nua a chur isteach go randamach, nó a dhíriú ar chuid ar leith den ghéanóm.

Is ceist bhunúsach eitice is fealsúnachta í an cumas nua seo ag daoine cur isteach ar na próisis dhúchasacha agus struchtúr géiniteach ár ngné féin, fiú, a athrú. Tá an-chuid taighde ar siúl i ngéinteiripe, ina gcuirtear géinte leis an eolas ceart isteach i gcealla ina bhfuil géinte máchaileacha, mar shampla le géinghunna, nó a gcuirtear isteach géinte nua a threoraíonn déanamh ábhar frithghalrach. Tá an obair seo ag a tús fós. Mar thoradh ar innealtóireacht ghéiniteach, tá feabhas curtha ar bharra is stoc, déantar córacha leighis i miocrorgánaigh, agus is féidir daoine a thástáil féachaint an bhfuil galair dhúchasacha acu.[1]

Naisc sheachtracha

Tagairtí

  1. Hussey, Matt (2011). "Innealtóireacht ghéiniteach". Fréamh an Eolais. Coiscéim. p. 370.

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