Organisearre misdie

De organisearre misdie of organisearre kriminaliteit is in foarm fan misdie wêrby't kriminelen organisaasjes of netwurken oprjochtsje om harren yllegale aktiviteiten te fasilitearjen. Neffens de definysje fan 'e Ried fan Jeropa en de Jeropeeske Uny is der sprake fan organisearre misdie as foldien wurdt teminsten de folgjende fjouwer kritearia:

der bestiet gearwurking tusken twa of mear persoanen by it útfieren fan yllegale aktiviteiten;
dy gearwurking is net foar ien kear, mar fynt plak oer in langere perioade;
de gearwurking is derop rjochte om swiere misdriuwen te begean;
it doel fan 'e gearwurking is it besetten fan macht en/of jildlik gewin.

Organisaasjes dy't yllegale aktiviteiten mei in polityk eachmerk by de ein hawwe, lykas terroristyske bewegings, wurde ornaris net ta de organisearre misdie rekkene. Yn Nederlân is it dielnimmen oan organisearre misdie op himsels al in misdriuw ûnder kêst 140 fan it Wetboek fan Strafrjocht.

In term dy't nau besibbe is oan organisearre misdie is de ûnderwrâld. Dat is it fermidden wêryn't organisearre misdie plakfynt. Net eltsenien út 'e ûnderwrâld is lykwols by organisearre misdie belutsen. In oare term dy't in protte mei organisearre misdie te krijen hat is 'binde'. De organisearre misdie kin winliken karakterisearre wurde as (faak grutskalige) bindefoarming foar de swiere misdie. Mear spesifyk wurdt in binde út 'e organisearre misdie oantsjut as in misdiesyndikaat. Dan sprekt men ek al rillegau oer de maffia. Dat is in term dy't fan oarsprong inkeld tsjutte op 'e organisearre misdie yn súdlik Itaalje, mar tsjintwurdich ek brûkt wurdt foar oare kriminele organisaasjes (lykas de Russyske maffia, de Albaneeske maffia, ensfh.). Oare bekende spesifike foarbylden fan 'e organisearre misdie binne de drugskartels yn Latynsk-Amearika, de Japanske yakuza, de Sineeske triades, de Mocromaffia yn Nederlân en gewelddiedige strjitbindes dy't yn 'e hiele wrâld foarkomme.

De yllegale aktiviteiten dêr't de organisearre misdie him op taleit, ferskille per organisaasje. Faak foarkommende aktiviteiten binne lykwols drugshannel, minskesmokkel, minskehannel, twongen prostitúsje, ôfparsing (faak fan ûndernimmers, foar 'beskerming'), it wytwaskjen fan swart jild, wapensmokkel, autodieverij, bankberôvings en juwiellerôf. Saken as ferkrêfting en moard binne faak 'mar' râneferskynsels, bedoeld foar it yntimidearjen of útskeakeljen fan 'e konkurrinsje, tsjûgen en eventuele eardere belutsenen dy't spyt krigen hawwe.

Sjoch ek

Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes

Boarnen, noaten en/as referinsjes:

Foar boarnen en oare literatuer, sjoch ûnder: References, op dizze side.

Wikimedia Commons

Ofbylden dy't by dit ûnderwerp hearre, binne te finen yn de kategory Organized crime fan Wikimedia Commons.

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