Brief

In brief mei kefert.

In brief (fan it Latynske brevis, "koart") is in op papier steld boadskip, dat yn 'e regel as poststik yn in kefert ferstjoerd wurdt. Njonken de mooglikheid fan ferstjoering mei in posttsjinst kin de ôfstjoerder it brief ek (al of net fan kefert foarsjoen) sels oan 'e adressearre oerlangje, by dyjinge troch de brievebus dwaan, ûnder de doar trochskowe of earne dellizze of -sette dêr't de adressearre it fine sil. It oanhâldende útwikseljen fan brieven tusken twa persoanen wurdt in briefkerij neamd.

Skiednis

Brieven geane teminsten safier yn 'e minsklike skiednis tebek as de Indusbeskaving en de Mesopotamyske beskaving, dêr't foar sokke boadskippen gebrûk makke waard fan klaaitabletten. Yn it âlde Egypte makke men gebrûk fan papyrus om brieven op te skriuwen, wylst yn it âlde Grikelân en it Romeinske Ryk waakstaffeltsjes brûkt waarden. Hjoed de dei wurdt it tradisjonele brief almar mear ferfongen troch e-mailferkear, dat in hiel oare, folle ynformelere styl hat en folle flechtiger is om't men meastal net de muoite nimt om it út te printsjen.

Belang

De boadskippen dy't yn it ferline fia brieven oerbrocht waarden, binne faak ek hjoed de dei noch fan grut belang. Sa foarmje yn 'e Bibel de brieven yn it Nije Testamint (foar in grut diel skreaun troch de apostel Paulus) in wichtich part fan 'e teologyske ûnderbouwing fan kristendom. Argiven mei korrespondinsje, dy't sawol saaklik, diplomatyk as persoanlik fan aard wêze kin, binne faak in ûnmisbere primêre boarne foar skiedkundigen. Fierders bestiet der ek in literêr sjenre dat basearre is op in fiktive briefkerij: de briefroman.

Yndieling

Foar de dúdlikheid en foar in diel ek as in tsjintwurdich wat barokke utering fan fatsoen, hat in brief ornaris in fêste yndieling. Fan boppen nei ûnderen is dy yndieling (alteast yn Nederlân) sa:

  • Brievehaad.
    • Eigen adres fan 'e ôfstjoerder.
    • Namme (of titulatuer en funksje, lykas "oan it Kolleezje fan Boargemaster en Wethâlders") fan 'e adressearre, folge troch syn/har adres. By in saaklik brief wurdt der ek wol in referinsjenûmer tafoege.
    • Plak en datum fan it skriuwen fan it brief.
    • Giet om: dit is in koarte gearfetting yn in pear wurden fan 'e ynhâld fan it brief.
  • Oanhef, lykas "Achte hear De Boer," by in saaklik brief, of "Bêste Jan," by in persoanlik brief.
  • Ynhâld: it eigentlike brief, eventueel ferdield oer in oantal alineä's as dat om 'e lingte nedich is. De earste alineä mei yn prinsipe net mei it wurd "ik" begjinne. Tradisjonele saaklike brieven hâlde meastal de yndieling yn trije parten oan: ynlieding-kearn-slot. De ynlieding is ien alineä dy't bestiet út algemiene fatsoenlikheden mei in oankundiging fan it ûnderwerp dêr't men it oer hawwe wol. De kearn behannelet dat ûnderwerp yn ien of mear alineä's. It slot bestiet út ien alineä mei in konklúzje en de melding wat men fan 'e addressearre ferwachtet nei oanlieding fan it yn 'e kearn út 'e doeken diene ûnderwerp.
  • Ofsluting.
    • Groet, lykas "Mei rju achtinge," by in saaklik brief of "Mei freonlike groetnis," by in persoanlik brief.
    • Hantekening fan 'e ôfstjoerder
    • Postskriptum (P.S.): in neiskrift dêr't men wat ynset dat bgl. by it oerlêzen fan it (skreaune) brief noch by jin opkaam.
    • Taheakken: oankundiging hoefolle taheakken oft byfoege binne en eventueel wat dy taheakken binne.

Boarnen, noaten en referinsjes

Boarnen, noaten en/as referinsjes:

Foar boarnen en oare literatuer, sjoch ûnder: References, op dizze side.

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