Suffète

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Suffète est le nom, d'origine phénicienne, des premiers magistrats de Carthage, en Tunisie actuelle anciennement appelé Africa. Leur pouvoir ne durait qu'un an, mais ils donnaient leur nom à l'année : ce sont des magistrats éponymes[1]. Ils étaient à Carthage ce que les consuls étaient à Rome.

Selon le Chronicon d'Eusèbe de Césarée et l'historien Flavius Josèphe plusieurs suffètes gouvernèrent Tyr, cité phénicienne, pendant une dizaine d'années au VIe siècle av. J.-C.

Le terme suffète a la même racine que l'hébreu shophet (שופט), qui signifie : juge.

Notes et références

  1. ↑ Clermont-Ganneau, « Observations sur la grande inscription phénicienne nouvellement découverte à Carthage », Comptes rendus des séances de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, vol. 42, no 2,‎ , p. 243 (DOI 10.3406/crai.1898.71168, lire en ligne, consulté le )

Voir aussi

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Bibliographie

  • Hédi Dridi, Carthage et le monde punique, Paris, Belles Lettres, coll. "Guides des civilisations", 2006, p. 105-107.

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