Saliout 2

Салют-2
(Saliout 2)
Description de l'image Almaz drawing.svg.
Données générales
Organisation Drapeau de l'URSS Union soviétique
Programme Saliout / Almaz
Domaine Station spatiale orbitale
Lancement 4 avril 1973 à 09:00 UTC
Lanceur Proton
Fin de mission 11 avril 1973 (perte des panneaux solaires)
Durée 7 jours, mais jamais opérationnelle
Désorbitage 28 mai 1973
Identifiant COSPAR 1973-017A
Caractéristiques techniques
Masse au lancement 18 500 kg
Orbite
Orbite Orbite terrestre basse
Périapside 257 km
Apoapside 278 km
Période de révolution 89,8 min
Inclinaison 51,6°
Orbites 866

Saliout 2 est une station spatiale russe lancée le .

Elle faisait partie du programme militaire Almaz[1], mais l'identifiant Saliout lui a été attribué pour dissimuler sa véritable nature. Le lancement est réussi. Le dernier étage de la fusée Proton est également satellisé sur la même orbite, mais, à la suite d'une surpression dans les réservoirs, il explose. Deux jours après sa satellisation, Saliout 2, qui restera toujours inoccupée, commence à perdre de la pression et son contrôleur de vol tombe en panne. Un débris de la fusée Proton a très probablement percuté la station. Le 11 avril la station perd ses quatre panneaux solaires et toute alimentation électrique. Saliout 2 est finalement détruite en rentrant dans l'atmosphère, hors de contrôle, en deux fois le et le [2]. Plus tard une enquête montrera qu'il y avait bien eu impact.

Données techniques

  • Longueur : 14,55 m
  • Diamètres maximal : 4,15 m
  • Volume habitable : 90 m3
  • Poids au lancement : 18 900 kg
  • Véhicule de lancement : Proton (trois étages)
  • Nombre de batteries solaires : 2
  • Vaisseau de ravitaillement : cargo Soyouz
  • Nombre de points d'arrimage : 1
  • Nombre total de missions habitées : 0
  • Nombre total de missions habitées à longue durée : 0
  • Nombre de moteurs principaux : 2
  • Puissance du moteur principal (chacun) : 400 kgf (3,9 kN)

Équipages et vaisseaux visiteurs

  • Aucun

Notes et références

  1. David S. F. Portree, « Mir Hardware Heritage » [archive du ], NASA, (consulté le )
  2. Jonathan McDowell, « Satellite Catalog », Jonathan's Space Page (consulté le )

Articles de référence

  • (en) A.A. Siddiqi, « The Almaz Space Station Complex : A history, 1964-1992 : Part 1 : 1964-1976 », Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, vol. 54, nos 11/12,‎ , p. 389-416 (lire en ligne)
  • (en) A.A. Siddiqi, « The Almaz Space Station Complex : A history, 1964-1992 : Part 2 : 1964-1976 », Journal of the British Interplanetary Society, vol. 55, nos 1/2,‎ , p. 35-67 (lire en ligne)

Voir aussi

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