Produit d'activation

Les produits d'activation sont les éléments radioactifs créés par le processus d'activation. En particulier, les matériaux constitutifs des installations nucléaires subissent des irradiations neutroniques prolongées, qui génèrent des produits d'activation par capture neutronique.

Un matériau est activé non seulement à travers son élément principal, mais également par les éléments qu'il contient à l'état de traces. C'est ainsi que la principale source de rayonnement dans les produits de démolition d'une centrale nucléaire est le Cobalt 60 (60Co), formé à partir du 59Co présent à l'état de traces dans le fer à béton. C'est pour cette raison que les constructions nucléaires exigent des matériaux spéciaux et extrêmement purs, dits « de qualité nucléaire ».

Liste

Les principaux produits d'activation rencontrés[1] résultent d'éléments présents à l'état de trace, principalement dans le béton ou l'acier ; ce sont[2] :

On trouve également les produits d'activation suivants[3] :

Références

  1. ↑ [PDF] « Avis sur la sûreté des silos de stockage de graphite de Saint Laurent des Eaux », sur ancli.fr (consulté le )
  2. ↑ (en) C. Scheuerer, R. Schupfner et H. Schüttelkopf, « A very sensitive LSC procedure to determine Ni-63 in environmental samples, steel and concrete », sur springerlink.com (consulté le )
  3. ↑ (en) [PDF] Larry W. Camper, « Status of Question and Answer (Q&A) Initiative Regarding Clarification of License Termination Guidance », sur orau.gov, (consulté le )

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