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The Smith–Purcell effect was the precursor of the free-electron laser (FEL). It was studied by Steve Smith, a graduate student under the guidance of Edward Purcell. In their experiment, they sent an energetic beam of electrons very closely parallel to the surface of a ruled optical diffraction grating, and thereby generated visible light.[1] Smith showed there was negligible effect on the trajectory of the inducing electrons. Essentially, this is a form of Cherenkov radiation where ...

1852 1863 Élections législatives françaises de 1857 283 députés 21 juin et 5 juillet 1857 Type d’élection Élections législatives Corps électoral et résultats Inscrits 9 495 955 Votants 6 136 664   68,09 %  3,5 Votes exprimés 6 043 747 Blancs et nuls 92 917 Bonapartistes – Charles de Morny Voix 5 471 888 97,53 %   0,6 Députés élus 276  23 Opposition – Michel Goudcha...

Си́мволы Кристо́ффеля (или кристоффели) — коэффициенты координатного выражения аффинной связности, в частности, связности Леви-Чивиты. Названы в честь Эльвина Бруно Кристоффеля. Используются в дифференциальной геометрии, общей теории относительности и близких к ней т�...

Upazila in Dhaka Division, Bangladesh Upazila in Dhaka, BangladeshKishoreganj Sadar কিশোরগঞ্জ সদরUpazilaShohidi MosqueCoordinates: 24°26′N 90°47′E / 24.433°N 90.783°E / 24.433; 90.783Country BangladeshDivisionDhakaDistrictKishoreganjHeadquartersKishoreganjArea • Total193.72 km2 (74.80 sq mi)Population (2011) • Total414,208 • Density2,100/km2 (5,500/sq mi)Time zoneUTC+6 (BS...

Species of bat found in Mexico Least yellow bat Conservation status Vulnerable  (IUCN 3.1)[1] Scientific classification Domain: Eukaryota Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Chiroptera Family: Vespertilionidae Genus: Rhogeessa Species: R. mira Binomial name Rhogeessa miraLaVal, 1973 The least yellow bat (Rhogeessa mira) is a species of vesper bat found only in Mexico. References ^ Arroyo-Cabrales, J.; Ospina-Garces, S. (2016). Rhogeessa mira. IUCN Red L...

Jack London's San Francisco Stories Book cover (paperback)AuthorJack London, Matthew Asprey (editor), Rodger Jacobs (preface)CountryAustraliaLanguageEnglishGenreAmerican Literature anthologyPublisherSydney Samizdat PressPublication date2010Media typePrint (paperback)Pages312 ppISBN1-4538-4050-8 Jack London's San Francisco Stories is an anthology of Jack London short stories set in the San Francisco Bay Area. The book was edited by Matthew Asprey. The preface is a reprint of Rodger Jacobs...

RI Teluk Langsa sekitar 1960an Sejarah Amerika Serikat Nama LST-1128Pembangun Chicago Bridge and Iron Company, SenecaPasang lunas 23 November 1944Diluncurkan 19 Februari 1945Sponsor Nyonya. Marie StaatMulai berlayar 9 Maret 1945Dipensiunkan 29 Juli 1946 Ganti nama Solano County, 1 Juli 1955 Asal nama Solano CountyDicoret 1 November 1958Identifikasi Nomor lambung: LST-1128 Tanda panggil: NBOB[1] Nasib Ditransfer ke Indonesia, 1960 Indonesia Nama Teluk LangsaAsal nama Teluk LangsaDiper...

Stana KaticKatic pada 2012Lahir26 April 1978 (umur 45)Hamilton, Ontario, KanadaWarga negaraKanadaAmeriKa SerikatPendidikanUniversity of Toronto (BA)DePaul UniversityPekerjaanAktrisTahun aktif1999–sekarangSuami/istriKris Brkljac ​(m. 2015)​Situs webstanakatic.com Stana Katic (/ˈstɑːnə ˈkætɪk/;pelafalan dalam bahasa Serbo-Croatian: [kǎːtitɕ]; lahir 26 April 1978) adalah seorang aktris dan produser Kanada-Amerika Serikat.[1][...

此條目可能包含不适用或被曲解的引用资料，部分内容的准确性无法被证實。 (2023年1月5日)请协助校核其中的错误以改善这篇条目。详情请参见条目的讨论页。 各国相关 主題列表 索引 国内生产总值 石油储量 国防预算 武装部队（军事） 官方语言 人口統計 人口密度 生育率 出生率 死亡率 自杀率 谋杀率 失业率 储蓄率 识字率 出口额 进口额 煤产量 发电量 监禁率 死刑 国债 ...

国民阵线Barisan NasionalNational Frontباريسن ناسيونلபாரிசான் நேசனல்国民阵线标志简称国阵，BN主席阿末扎希总秘书赞比里署理主席莫哈末哈山总财政希山慕丁副主席魏家祥维纳斯瓦兰佐瑟古律创始人阿都拉萨成立1973年1月1日 (1973-01-01)[1]设立1974年7月1日 (1974-07-01)前身 联盟总部 马来西亚  吉隆坡 50480 秋傑区敦依斯迈路太子世贸中心（英�...

Municipality in Southeast, BrazilPeçanhaMunicipalityLocation in Minas GeraisPeçanhaLocation in BrazilCoordinates: 18°32′56″S 42°33′25″W / 18.54889°S 42.55694°W / -18.54889; -42.55694Country BrazilRegionSoutheastStateMinas GeraisMesoregionDoce River valleyMicroregionPeçanhaGovernment • MayorEustaquio de Carvalho BragaArea[1] • Total384.442 sq mi (995.699 km2)Elevation2,560 ft (780 m)Population&...

Honorific title for female deities in Hinduism For the film, see Bagavathi. For the town, see Bhagavathi, Nepal. For the Jain Prakrit work, see Vyākhyāprajñapti. Statue of Lakshmi, one of the primary bearers of the epithet Bhagavati, Kashmir Bhagavatī (Devanagari: भगवती, IAST: Bhagavatī), is an Indian epithet of Sanskrit origin, used as an honorific title for goddesses in Hinduism and Buddhism. In Hinduism, it is primarily used to address the goddesses Durga and Lakshmi. In Bud...

American publishing company Harper BooksParent companyHarperCollinsFoundedMarch 6, 1817; 207 years ago (1817-03-06) (as J. & J. Harper)FounderJames Harper John HarperHeadquarters locationNew York City, U.S.Owner(s)News Corp Harper is an American publishing house, the flagship imprint of global publisher HarperCollins based in New York City. Founded in New York in 1817 by James Harper and his brother John, the company operated as J. & J. Harper until 1833, when it cha...

Artikel ini tidak memiliki referensi atau sumber tepercaya sehingga isinya tidak bisa dipastikan. Tolong bantu perbaiki artikel ini dengan menambahkan referensi yang layak. Tulisan tanpa sumber dapat dipertanyakan dan dihapus sewaktu-waktu.Cari sumber: Federasi Aero Sport Indonesia – berita · surat kabar · buku · cendekiawan · JSTOR Artikel ini perlu diwikifikasi agar memenuhi standar kualitas Wikipedia. Anda dapat memberikan bantuan berupa penambahan ...

  لمعانٍ أخرى، طالع شعر (توضيح). يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (مارس 2016) شِعِر شعر (محافظة تربة)علم شعر (محافظة تربة)شعار تاريخ التأسيس 1358هـ - 1939 ...

Artist and computer programmer why the lucky stiff_why at RailsConf EuropeBornJonathan GilletteOther nameswhy, _why, Jonathan GilletteOccupation(s)Ruby programmer, author, musicianKnown forWhy's (poignant) Guide to Ruby, Camping Jonathan Gillette, known by the pseudonym why the lucky stiff (often abbreviated as _why), is a writer, cartoonist, artist, and programmer notable for his work with the Ruby programming language. Annie Lowrey described him as one of the most unusual, and bel...

2006 single by Crime Mob featuring Lil ScrappyRock Yo HipsSingle by Crime Mob featuring Lil Scrappyfrom the album Hated on Mostly ReleasedAugust 29, 2006 (2006-08-29)Recorded2006StudioPatchWerk Recording Studios (Atlanta, GA)GenreCrunkLength3:48LabelCrunk Incorporated Reprise, Warner Bros.Songwriter(s)Jonathan LewisBrittany CarpenteroVenetia LewisJarques UsherChris HendersonAlphonce SmithProducer(s)Lil' JayCrime Mob singles chronology Knuck If You Buck (2004) Rock Yo Hips (...

Professional wrestling match type Royal Rumble matchWWE Royal Rumble match in 2009Founded1988FounderPat PattersonVince McMahonOrganising bodyWWECompetitors30[A]20 (1988)40 (2011)50 (GRR)Most recentchampion(s)Cody Rhodes (men's)Bayley (women's) (2024)Most titlesStone Cold Steve Austin (three)Tournament formatStaggered entry battle royalNotes^ A: The Royal Rumble match traditionally features 30 competitors, though some exceptions have been made in select matches. The Royal Rum...

Calendar year Millennium: 2nd millennium Centuries: 16th century 17th century 18th century Decades: 1590s 1600s 1610s 1620s 1630s Years: 1612 1613 1614 1615 1616 1617 1618 June 3: Battle of Dōmyōji 1615 by topic Arts and science Architecture Art Literature Music Science Leaders State leaders Colonial governors Religious leaders Birth and death categories Births – Deaths Establishments and disestablishments categories Establishments – Disestablishments Works category...

OradeaNagyvárad Ciudad y capital BanderaEscudo OradeaLocalización de Oradea en Rumanía Coordenadas 47°04′20″N 21°55′16″E / 47.072222222222, 21.921111111111Capital OradeaEntidad Ciudad y capital • País  Rumania • Distrito BihorAlcalde Florin Birta (2021) (Partido Nacional Liberal (PN-L))Superficie   • Total 111.2 km²Altitud   • Media 142 m s. n. m.Población   • Total 206 614 hab. • Dens...