HMS Defiance (1783)

Defiance
Type Vaisseau de 74 canons de classe Elizabeth
Classe Classe Elizabeth
Histoire
A servi dans  Royal Navy
Chantier naval Randall, Rotherhithe
Commandé
Quille posée avril 1782
Lancement
Statut démoli en 1817
Caractéristiques techniques
Longueur 168,5 pieds (51,36 m)[1]
Maître-bau 46,3 pieds (14,11 m)[1]
Tirant d'eau 19,75 pieds (6,02 m)[1]
Déplacement 1 685 bm[1]
Propulsion trois-mâts carré
Caractéristiques militaires
Armement 74 canons répartis comme suit :
pont-batterie : 28 x 32 livres
batterie haute : 28x 18 livres
dunette : 14 x 9 livres
gaillards : 4 x 9 livres

Le HMS Defiance est un vaisseau de ligne de 3e rang, armé de 74 canons en service dans la Royal Navy entre 1784 et 1813. Il sert lors d'un grand nombre d'engagements des guerres de la Révolution française et de l'Empire.

Construction

Commandé en , le HMS Defiance est mis en chantier en au chantier naval de Randall and Co. à Rotherhithe, sur la Tamise, et lancé le [1]. Il s'agit d'un vaisseau de ligne de classe Elizabeth dont les plans sont dus à Thomas Slade.

Service actif

Le navire est touché par la grande mutinerie du Nore en 1797.

En 1801, le HMS Defiance porte la marque de l'amiral Graves à la bataille de Copenhague[2].

En 1805, le navire participe, au sein de la flotte de l'amiral Calder, à la bataille des Quinze-Vingt. Sous les ordres du capitaine Philip Charles Durham, il combat lors de la bataille de Trafalgar, au sein de la colonne menée par Collingwood qui attaque l'arrière-garde de la flotte combinée[3]. L'équipage compte 17 morts et 53 blessés au soir de la bataille[3].

En 1809, il prend part à la bataille des Sables-d'Olonne où il subit de très lourds dommages[4].

Dernières années

En 1813, le HMS Defiance est transformé en ponton et stationné à Chatham[1]. Il est finalement démoli en 1817[1].

Notes et références

  1. a b c d e f et g Lavery 2003, p. 179
  2. Fleury 2004, p. 436
  3. a et b Smith 1998, p. 208
  4. Dupont 1987, p. 334

Sources et bibliographie

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