Coefficient d'activité moyen

Dans une solution liquide le coefficient d'activité d'un ion donné (ex : Ca2+...) n'est pas mesurable car il est expérimentalement impossible de mesurer indépendamment le potentiel électrochimique d'un ion en solution.

C'est pourquoi on introduit la notion de coefficient d'activité moyen. Le coefficient d'activité moyen d'une solution est noté . Pour un électrolyte de type , il est égal à :

Où :

  • est le nombre total de moles de cations par mole de solution
  • est le nombre total de moles d'anions par mole de solution
  • est le nombre total de moles d'ions par mole de solution

Le coefficient d'activité moyen est souvent déterminé à partir de la force ionique, à l'aide de la théorie de Debye-Hückel.

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