Characiformes

Cet article est une ébauche concernant les poissons.

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Characiformes
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Pygocentrus nattereri (Characidae)
Classification
Règne Animalia
Embranchement Chordata
Sous-embr. Vertebrata
Super-classe Osteichthyes
Classe Actinopterygii
Sous-classe Neopterygii
Infra-classe Teleostei
Super-ordre Ostariophysi

Ordre

Characiformes
Goodrich, 1909

Les Characiformes sont un ordre de poissons Actinoptérygiens, comprenant les characins et leurs semblables. Ils sont quelques milliers d'espèces différentes y compris les fameux piranhas et Tétras.


Description et caractéristiques

On trouve les characins dans les lacs tropicaux et rivières de la plupart des pays d'Amérique du Sud, d'Amérique centrale, et d'Afrique centrale.

La majorité de ces poissons sont carnivores, et les plus gros ont développé des dentitions parfois impressionnantes (avec une mâchoire supérieure rarement protractile et souvent des dents pharyngales). Ils sont pourvus d'une nageoire adipeuse, d'une nageoire pelvienne, et généralement d'écailles (sauf quelques rares espèces sud-américaines), mais pas de barbillons. La ligne latérale est souvent courbée, parfois discontinue[1].

À l'origine, ces poissons étaient regroupés en une seule famille, les Characidae, qu'on avait incluse dans les Cypriniformes. Désormais ils sont répartis en quelque 15 familles différentes.

Familles

Selon FishBase (14 juillet 2014)[1] :


Au moins deux familles éteintes :



Références taxinomiques

Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :

Notes et références

  1. ↑ a et b FishBase, consulté le 14 juillet 2014
v · m
Ordres d’Actinopterygii actuels
Chondrostei
Neopterygii

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