Ceinture de Vénus (astronomie)

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Ceinture de Vénus
Ceinture de Vénus à 42 000 pieds.
Ceinture de Venus, 10 minutes avant le lever du soleil.

L'arche anticrépusculaire (ou ceinture de Vénus[Note 1],[1]) est une bande de ciel généralement rosée située à l'horizon et particulièrement visible à l'aube et au crépuscule[1]. La couleur rosée qui est donnée à cette parcelle de ciel est due à une rétrodiffusion des ondes par l'atmosphère terrestre lors du lever et du coucher du Soleil. Un effet similaire peut être observé lors d'une éclipse solaire[2].

L'arche anticrépusculaire s'étend de 10° à 20° au-dessus de l'horizon. Elle est séparée de ce dernier par une couche sombre, le segment sombre, qui est la projection de l'ombre de la Terre sur son atmosphère.

Observation

Ceinture de Vénus, au lever du soleil.

Ce phénomène s'observe un peu avant le lever du soleil et un peu après le coucher de celui-ci. Il nécessite un ciel clair et non obstrué[3]. L'apparition de ce phénomène est due au fait que la lumière du Soleil traverse une plus grande couche d'atmosphère en raison de son angle d'incidence. Cette couche plus importante qu'au courant de la journée diffuse davantage le spectre de la lumière visible, au point où il ne reste que les grandes longueurs d'onde qui se situent dans le rouge[2].

Ceinture de Vénus, 5 minutes avant le lever du soleil.

Notes et références

Notes

  1. ↑ Le nom « Ceinture de Vénus » date de l'époque victorienne. Il provient de la déesse Vénus.

Références

  1. ↑ a et b Robert Nemiroff et Jerry Bonnell (trad. Didier Jamet), « La ceinture de Vénus », sur Ciel des Hommes, Astronomy Picture of the Day, .
  2. ↑ a et b (en) John Naylor, Out of the blue : a 24-hour skywatcher's guide, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, , 360 p. (ISBN 0-521-80925-8, présentation en ligne, lire en ligne), p. 72.
  3. ↑ (en) Tony Flanders, « Stargazing (The Belt of Venus) », Sky and telescope,

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