Camellia sasanqua

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Camellia sasanqua
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Camellia d'automne
Classification APG III (2009)
Règne Plantae
Clade Angiospermes
Clade Dicotylédones vraies
Clade Noyau des Dicotylédones vraies
Clade Astéridées
Ordre Ericales
Famille Theaceae
Genre Camellia

Espèce

Camellia sasanqua
Thunb., 1784

Le camélia d'automne, camélia de Noël ou camélia fleur de thé (Camellia sasanqua, du japonais sazanka (山茶花), "thé de montagne"), est une espèce de plantes à fleurs de la famille des Theaceae. Cette espèce de camélia et ses hybrides (hiemalis et vernalis notamment), souvent parfumés, sont cultivés pour l'ornement depuis le XVe siècle au Japon où il pousse à l'état sauvage. Ses fleurs étaient également utilisées pour aromatiser le thé vert.

Description

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Camellia sasanqua propose une floraison parfumée s'échelonnant entre les mois de septembre et de février. Les fleurs sont généralement moins imposantes que chez les autres espèces de camélias.

Ce camélia tolère les terres neutres voire légèrement calcaires. Il ne tolère que difficilement les terres acides. Le sol doit impérativement être riche et bien drainé.

  • Planche botanique
    Planche botanique

Répartition

L'espèce est originaire du Japon, y compris l'archipel Nansei[1].

Elle a été introduite dans l'Assam (Inde), en Corée, au Laos et au Vietnam[1].

Liste des variétés

Selon Tropicos (1 novembre 2015)[2] (Attention liste brute contenant possiblement des synonymes) :

  • Camellia sasanqua var. angustifolia Miq.
  • Camellia sasanqua var. fujikoana Makino
  • Camellia sasanqua var. lanceolata Miq.
  • Camellia sasanqua var. latifolia Miq.
  • Camellia sasanqua var. obtusifolia Miq.
  • Camellia sasanqua var. serrata Masam.

Voir aussi

Notes et références

  1. ↑ a et b (en) « Camellia sasanqua Thunb. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science », sur Plants of the World Online (consulté le )
  2. ↑ Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden., consulté le 1 novembre 2015
  3. ↑ (en) Référence The Plant List : Camellia sasanqua Blanco (Nom accepté: Camellia oleifera Abel) Non valide  (source : KewGarden WCSP) (consulté le )

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