You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in Hungarian. (February 2016) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
View a machine-translated version of the Hungarian article.
Machine translation, like DeepL or Google Translate, is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia.
Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article.
You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Hungarian Wikipedia article at [[:hu:Tamás Gáspár Miklós]]; see its history for attribution.
You may also add the template {{Translated|hu|Tamás Gáspár Miklós}} to the talk page.
Gáspár Miklós Tamás (G. M. Tamás; Hungarian: Tamás Gáspár Miklós; 28 November 1948 – 15 January 2023), often referred to as TGM,[1] was a Romanian-born Hungarian political philosopher and public intellectual, influenced by Marxism and libertarian socialism. He was a contributor to online newspaper Mérce and to OpenDemocracy, where he wrote primarily about political and aesthetic questions. He was the father of British poet and writer Rebecca Tamás.
Biography
Gáspár Miklós Tamás was born in today's Cluj, Romania, but emigrated to Budapest, Hungary, in 1978, where he lived for much of his life. His mother was Jewish and escaped being deported to Auschwitz because she was imprisoned for being a communist.[2] As a dissident at the end of the state socialist period, he was initially a libertarian socialist. While in contact with libertarian authors, his perspective was distinct from the Budapest School, a major school of thought in Hungarian Neo-Marxism. He was also a member of the informal group called the "democratic opposition". From 1986 to 1988, he taught in the U.S., Britain, and France, and also continued his studies at Oxford University. At the beginning of the post-socialist era in 1989, he became committed to a liberal program, and was a leader of the Alliance of Free Democrats (SZDSZ).[3] As a representative of the party, he was a member of the Hungarian Parliament from 1989 to 1994,[4] and served the party's president through 1994, departing the party in 2000. He was a prominent democratic opponent of the Hungarian government under János Kádár[5] and Viktor Orbán.[6] He became the Green Left's president in 2010.[7]
Tamás was known for developing the concept of post-fascism[6] and the term ethnicism. In his words,
Post-fascism finds its niche easily in the new world of global capitalism without upsetting the dominant political forms of electoral democracy and representative government. It does what I consider to be central to all varieties of fascism, including the post-totalitarian version. Sans Führer, sans one-party rule, sans SA or SS, post-fascism reverses the Enlightenment tendency to assimilate citizenship to the human condition.
Tamás died on 15 January 2023, at the age of 74.[8]
Tamás, Gáspar Miklós (1985). L'Oeil et la main: Introduction à la politique [The Eye and the Hand: Introduction to Politics] (in French). Geneva, Switzerland: Éditions Noir. OCLC33315996.
Books in German
Tamás, Gáspar Miklós (2015). Kommunismus nach 1989: Beiträge zu Klassentheorie, Realsozialismus, Osteuropa [Communism after 1989: Contributions to Class Theory, Real Socialism, Eastern Europe] (in German). Vienna, Austria: Mandelbaum Verlag. ISBN9783854766414.
Books in Hungarian
Tamás, Gáspar Miklós (1975). A teória esélyei: Esszék, bírálatok [The Prospects for Theory: Essays and Reviews] (in Hungarian). Bucharest, Romania: Kriterion. OCLC909543438.
Tamás, Gáspar Miklós (1994). Másvilág: Politikai esszék [Another World: Political Essays] (in Hungarian). Budapest, Hungary: Új Mandátum. ISBN9789637476204.
Tamás, Gáspar Miklós (1999). Törzsi fogalmak [Tribal Concepts] (in Hungarian). Vol. I–II. Budapest, Hungary: Atlantisz. ISBN9789639165267.
Tamás, Gáspár Miklós (2021) Antitézis [Antithesis] (in Hungarian). Budapest, Hungary: Pesti Kalligram. ISBN 9789634682035
Further reading
Bozóki, András; Sükösd, Miklós (2006). Anarchism in Hungary: Theory, History, Legacies. Social Science Monographs. ISBN978-0-88033-568-3.
"Hatred and Betrayal." The Guardian, 9 May 2007.[1]
"Hungary: Where We Went Wrong." Interview with Chris Harman. International Socialism, 24 June 2009. [2]
"The Left and Marxism in Eastern Europe: An Interview with Gáspár Miklós Tamás." Interview with Imre Szeman. Mediations: Journal of the Marxist Literary Group, volume 24, number 2, Spring 2009. [3]
"On Post-Fascism." Boston Review, Summer 2000. [4]
^Vida, István (2011). "Zöld Baloldal (ZB)". Magyarországi politikai pártok lexikona (1846–2010) [Encyclopedia of the Political Parties in Hungary (1846–2010)] (in Hungarian). Gondolat Kiadó. p. 468. ISBN978-963-693-276-3.
Kopeček, Michal; Wcislik, Piotr (2015). Thinking Through Transition: Liberal Democracy, Authoritarian Pasts, and Intellectual History in East Central Europe After 1989. Central European University Press. ISBN978-963-386-085-4.
.jpg)
