Banque publique

Cet article est une ébauche concernant la finance.

Vous pouvez partager vos connaissances en l’améliorant (comment ?) selon les recommandations des projets correspondants.

Une banque publique est une société bancaire dont l'État ou des acteurs publics sont propriétaires[1]. C'est donc une société sous contrôle de l'État. On retrouve des banques publiques dès l'Antiquité comme sous l’Égypte lagide[2].

Utilisation des banques publiques

Les banques publiques/d’États ont des fonctions multiples à travers le temps. Leur point commun est d'aider l’État qui les utilise à maitriser son économie. Dans le cadre de l’Égypte Ptolémaïque, la banque royale servait par exemple à diffuser la monnaie dans un pays encore peu monétarisé et à centraliser la collecte des taxes dans des établissements de l’État et non pas entre les mains de particuliers.

A d'autres périodes et lieux, elle peut obtenir d'autres fonctions ou en perdre selon les circonstances. Ainsi de nos jours en France, les banques publiques ne collectent pas les impôts.

Controverses idéologiques

Le principe de banque publique est remis en cause par les tenants d'une économie libérale. Ceux-ci estiment que la banque publique empêche le libre échange et permet à l’État d'avoir une trop grosse mainmise sur la société. Les militants les plus radicaux de cette mouvance vont jusqu'à qualifier abusivement de « totalitaires » les pays ayant des banques publiques.

De leur côté, des opposants au libéralisme réclament plus de pouvoir à ces banques d’États, estimant que le contrôle bancaire d'un pays n'a pas à être totalement entre les mains de particuliers, voire dans le cadre du socialisme entièrement entre les mains de la force publique ou du peuple (dans le sens de forces productives).

Banques publiques par État

Algérie

Allemagne

Brésil

France

Source[1]

Luxembourg

  • Spuerkeess (Caisse d'Épargne de l'État)

Portugal

Russie

Notes et références

  1. ↑ a et b Banque publique : une entreprise bancaire qui dépend de l’État - ComprendreChoisir.com
  2. ↑ Raymond BOGAERT, Trapezitica aegyptiaca : recueil de recherche sur la banque en Égypte gréco-romaine, Florence, Gonneli, , 439 p.

Articles connexes

Read other articles:

Gunpowder & Sky

American media production and distribution company Gunpowder & SkyCompany typePrivateIndustryEntertainmentFoundedJanuary 2016; 8 years ago (2016-01)FoundersVan Toffler, Floris BauerHeadquartersLos Angeles, CaliforniaArea servedGlobalKey peopleVan Toffler, Floris BauerProducts Motion pictures Podcasts Television BrandsALTER, DUSTWebsitegunpowdersky.com Gunpowder & Sky is a Los Angeles–based independent studio that produces feature films, series, short-form cont...

 

كأس الكؤوس الإفريقية 1998

يفتقر محتوى هذه المقالة إلى الاستشهاد بمصادر. فضلاً، ساهم في تطوير هذه المقالة من خلال إضافة مصادر موثوق بها. أي معلومات غير موثقة يمكن التشكيك بها وإزالتها. (نوفمبر 2019) كأس الكؤوس الإفريقية 1998 تفاصيل الموسم كأس الكؤوس الإفريقية  النسخة 24  المنظم الاتحاد الإفريقي لكرة ...

 

التقسيم الإداري في المغرب

جزء من سلسلة مقالات سياسة المغربالمغرب الدستور الدستور حقوق الإنسان الملكية الملك الملك محمد السادس السلطة التنفيذية رئاسة الحكومة عزيز أخنوش حكومة المغرب حكومة المغرب 2021 السلطة التشريعية البرلمان المغربي مجلس المستشارين مجلس النواب المجلس الدستوري السلطة القضائية ال�...

2000 Missouri Democratic presidential primary

2000 Missouri Democratic presidential primary ← 1996 March 7, 2000 (2000-03-07) 2004 → ← MANY →92 delegates to the Democratic National Convention (75 pledged, 17 unpledged)The number of pledged delegates received is determined by the popular vote   Candidate Al Gore Bill Bradley Home state Tennessee New Jersey Delegate count 51 24 Popular vote 171,562 89,092 Percentage 64.62% 33.56% Primary results by countyGore: ...

 

2015–16 Danish 1st Division

71st season of Danish 1st Division Football league seasonDanish 1st DivisionSeason2015–16ChampionsLyngbyPromotedLyngbySilkeborgHorsensRelegatedVestsjællandTop goalscorerKjartan Finnbogason - 10 goalsBiggest home winSilkeborg 5-0 Vejle(28 May 2016)[1]← 2014–15 2016–17 → The 2015–16 Danish 1st Division season is the 20th season of the Danish 1st Division league championship, governed by the Danish Football Association. The division-champion, the runners-up and the third pla...

 

Skanderborg

Not to be confused with Skanderbeg. Town in Mid Jutland, DenmarkSkanderborgTownSkanderborg Castle Church SealCoat of armsSkanderborgLocation in DenmarkShow map of DenmarkSkanderborgSkanderborg (Denmark Central Denmark Region)Show map of Denmark Central Denmark RegionCoordinates: 56°02′17″N 9°55′31″E / 56.03806°N 9.92528°E / 56.03806; 9.92528CountryDenmarkRegionMid Jutland (Midtjylland)MunicipalitySkanderborgParishParish of SkanderborgSettledPrehistory (unkn...

Memorial for the Victims of Nazi Military Justice

Memorial for the Victims of Nazi Military Justice at Vienna's Ballhausplatz The Memorial for the Victims of Nazi Military Justice is located at the Ballhausplatz in the centre of Vienna, opposite the President's office and the Austrian Chancellory. The monument was created by German conceptual artist Olaf Nicolai. The inscription atop the three-step sculpture features the poem by Scottish poet Ian Hamilton Finlay consisting of just two words: all alone. Desertion, Wehrkraftzersetzung, Consci...

 

Operazione Giardinaggio

I confini orientali italiani dal 1945 al 1954. Si noti in rosso la Linea Morgan L'operazione Giardinaggio fu una modifica apportata il 26 ottobre 1954 alla Linea di demarcazione tra Zona A e B (che corrispondeva in quel tratto alla precedente Linea Morgan) del Territorio Libero di Trieste. In seguito all'entrata in vigore del Memorandum di Londra, la nuova demarcazione tra Zona A e B andò a costituire de facto il nuovo confine tra Italia e Jugoslavia nell'Istria settentrionale. In seguito al...

 

Chelyabinsk Shagol Airport

Chelyabinsk Shagol Челябинск ШаголChelyabinsk, Chelyabinsk Oblast in RussiaChelyabinsk ShagolShown within Chelyabinsk OblastShow map of Chelyabinsk OblastChelyabinsk ShagolChelyabinsk Shagol (Russia)Show map of RussiaCoordinates55°15′36″N 061°18′0″E / 55.26000°N 61.30000°E / 55.26000; 61.30000TypeAir BaseSite informationOwnerMinistry of DefenceOperatorRussian Aerospace ForcesControlled byChelyabinsk Red Banner Military Aviation Insti...

Perrottetinene

Chemical compound PerrottetineneClinical dataATC codenoneLegal statusLegal status BR: List F2 CA: Schedule II Identifiers IUPAC name (6aS,10aR)- 6,6,9-trimethyl- 3-(2-phenylethyl)- 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydrobenzo[c]chromen- 1-ol CAS Number160041-34-9 YPubChem CID24766094ChemSpider28284856Chemical and physical dataFormulaC24H28O2Molar mass348.486 g·mol−13D model (JSmol)Interactive image SMILES CC1=C[C@H]2c3c(cc(cc3OC([C@H]2CC1)(C)C)CCc4ccccc4)O InChI InChI=1S/C24H28O2/c1-16-9...

 

Lady in Danger

1934 film by Tom Walls For the play by Max Afford, see Lady in Danger (play). Lady in DangerOriginal Trade Ad PosterDirected byTom WallsWritten byMarjorie GaffneyBen TraversProduced byMichael BalconStarringTom WallsYvonne ArnaudCinematographyPhilip TannuraEdited byHelen LewisMusic byJack BeaverProductioncompanyGaumont BritishDistributed byGaumont British Distributors (UK)Release date27 November 1934 (London) (UK)Running time68 minutesCountryUnited KingdomLanguageEnglish Lady in Danger is a 19...

 

Blue-and-Blacks

Former far-right political organization in Finland The logo of Sinimustat The Blue-and-Blacks (Sinimustat) was a fascist youth organization that operated in Finland from 1930 to 1936, initially affiliated with the Lapua movement and then the Patriotic People's Movement (IKL).[1] History Hitler-Jugend as a guest of the Blue-and-Blacks in Finland on August 7, 1934.[2] The Blue-and-Blacks was founded in the winter of 1930–1931, when the students of Lapua Co-educational School f...

拉尔·巴哈杜尔·夏斯特里

拉尔·巴哈杜尔·夏斯特里第二任印度总理任期1964年6月9日—1966年1月11日总统薩瓦帕利·拉達克里希南前任古爾扎里拉爾·南達继任古爾扎里拉爾·南達印度外交部長任期1964年6月9日—1964年7月18日总理自己前任古爾扎里拉爾·南達继任斯瓦倫·辛格（英语：Swaran Singh）印度內政部長任期1961年4月4日—1963年8月29日总理賈瓦哈拉爾·尼赫魯前任戈文德·巴拉布·潘特（英语：Govind Balla...

 

Bear Creek Spire

Mountain in California, United States Bear Creek SpireBear Creek SpireHighest pointElevation13,726 ft (4,184 m)[1]Prominence1,440 ft (440 m)[1]ListingMountains of CaliforniaCoordinates37°22′05″N 118°46′03″W / 37.368012°N 118.767505°W / 37.368012; -118.767505[1]GeographyBear Creek SpireInyo County, California,United States Parent rangeSierra NevadaTopo mapUSGS Mount Hilgard Bear Creek Spire is a mountain in th...

 

Lewiston, Idaho

City in Idaho, United StatesLewistonCityTop: Aerial photo of Lewiston (2023)Bottom: Lewiston from the north (2006)Nicknames: L-Town[citation needed], River City[citation needed]Location of Lewiston in Nez Perce County, IdahoLewistonLocation in the United StatesShow map of the United StatesLewistonLocation in IdahoShow map of IdahoCoordinates: 46°25′N 117°01′W / 46.41°N 117.02°W / 46.41; -117.02CountryUnited StatesStateIdahoCountyNez PerceF...

Singing Revolution

Baltic independence movements (1987–1991) This article is about the revolution in the Baltic states in the late 1980s. For the 2006 film about the revolution in the Baltic states, see The Singing Revolution. Singing RevolutionPart of the Revolutions of 1989 and the Dissolution of the Soviet UnionThe Baltic Way human chain in 1989Date14 June 1987 – 6 September 1991 (1987-06-14 – 1991-09-06)(4 years, 2 months, 3 weeks and 2 days)Locat...

 

Aglet

Sheath on the end of a shoelace or cord Not to be confused with Aiguillette. Three different types of aglets: double-punched copper, plastic sheath, and inward fold brass An aglet (/ˈæɡlət/ AG-lət)[1] or aiglet is a small sheath, often made of plastic or metal, attached at each end of a shoelace, a cord, or a drawstring.[2] An aglet keeps the fibers of the lace or cord from unraveling; its firmness and narrow profile make it easier to hold and easier to feed through eyele...

 

COBOL

Programming language with English-like syntax COBOLThe COBOL 60 report to CODASYL (April 1960)ParadigmProcedural, imperative, object-oriented, genericDesigned byHoward Bromberg, Norman Discount, Vernon Reeves, Jean E. Sammet, William Selden, Gertrude Tierney, with indirect influence from Grace Hopper[1]DevelopersCODASYL, ANSI, ISO/IECFirst appeared1959; 65 years ago (1959)Stable releaseISO/IEC 1989:2023 / 2023 Typing disciplineWeak, staticFilename extension...

My Love My Enemy (musim 2)

My Love My Enemy Season 2Genre Drama Roman Skenario Relita Mahdayani Yeri Hermanto Cerita Relita Mahdayani Yeri Hermanto SutradaraRizal BasriPemeran Megan Domani Farhan Rasyid Emyr Razan Andrew Barret Bianca Hello Penggubah lagu tema Rayi Putra Rahardjo Astono Handoko Anindyo Baskoro Lagu pembukaOrang yang Paling Kubenci oleh RANLagu penutupOrang yang Paling Kubenci oleh RANPenata musikWiwiex SoedarnoNegara asalIndonesiaBahasa asliBahasa IndonesiaJmlh. musim2Jmlh. episode30ProduksiProd...

 

Patrick M'Boma

Patrick Mboma Mboma pada 2008Informasi pribadiNama lengkap Henri Patrick Mboma DemTanggal lahir 15 November 1970 (umur 53)Tempat lahir Douala, KamerunTinggi 1,85 m (6 ft 1 in)Posisi bermain PenyerangKarier junior0000–1990 Stade de l'Est Pavillonnais1990–1992 Paris Saint-GermainKarier senior*Tahun Tim Tampil (Gol)1992–1997 Paris Saint-Germain 16 (2)1992–1994 → Châteauroux (pinjaman) 48 (22)1995–1996 → Metz (pinjaman) 17 (4)1997–1998 Gamba Osaka 34 (29)1998...