AP endonucléase

AP endonucléase de classe I
Description de cette image, également commentée ci-après
Structure d'une APE1 humaine cristallisée (PDB 1DE9[1])
N° EC EC 4.2.99.18
N° CAS 61811-29-8
Cofacteur(s) Mg2+
Activité enzymatique
IUBMB Entrée IUBMB
IntEnz Vue IntEnz
BRENDA Entrée BRENDA
KEGG Entrée KEGG
MetaCyc Voie métabolique
PRIAM Profil
PDB RCSB PDB PDBe PDBj PDBsum
GO AmiGO / EGO

modifier

Une AP endonucléase (APE), parfois écrite endonucléase AP, est une lyase qui catalyse l'ouverture d'un brin d'ADN bicaténaire en hydrolysant une liaison phosphodiester entre un désoxyribonucléotide et un résidu de désoxyribose-5-phosphate, c'est-à-dire d'un désoxyribonucléotide dépourvu de base nucléique par dépurination ou dépyrimidination au niveau d'un site AP. Cette enzyme intervient par conséquent au cours de la réparation de l'ADN par excision de base, à la suite de l'ADN glycosylase, afin de permettre à une ADN polymérase de combler le nucléotide manquant du site AP à partir du brin complémentaire.

Il existe quatre types d'AP endonucléases, classées en fonction de leur site d'incision. Les AP endonucléases de classe I et de classe II clivent la liaison phosphodiester en laissant un hydroxyle 3’-OH et un 5’-phosphate du côté du désoxyribose-5-phosphate, tandis que les AP endonucléases de classe III et de classe IV la clivent en laissant un 3’-phosphate et un 5’-OH[2].

L'AP endonucléase humaine (APE1) a besoin d'un cation de magnésium Mg2+ dans son site actif afin de pouvoir catalyser la réaction ; son homologue chez la levure est l'APN1[3].

Notes et références

  1. ↑ (en) Clifford D. Mol, Tadahide Izumi, Sankar Mitra et John A. Tainer, « DNA-bound structures and mutants reveal abasic DNA binding by APE1 DNA repair and coordination », Nature, vol. 403, no 6768,‎ , p. 451-456 (PMID 10667800, DOI 10.1038/35000249, lire en ligne)
  2. ↑ (en) Gary M. Myles et Aziz Sancar, « DNA repair », Chemical Research in Toxicology, vol. 2, no 4,‎ , p. 197-226 (PMID 2519777, DOI 10.1021/tx00010a001, lire en ligne)
  3. ↑ (en) Dina R. Marenstein, David M. Wilson III et George W. Teebor, « Human AP endonuclease (APE1) demonstrates endonucleolytic activity against AP sites in single-stranded DNA », DNA Repair, vol. 3, no 5,‎ , p. 527-533 (PMID 15084314, DOI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2004.01.010, lire en ligne)

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