Étienne Lenoir

Jean-Joseph Étienne Lenoir (12. tammikuuta 1822 – 4. elokuuta 1900) oli belgialais-ranskalainen keksijä, joka rakensi ensimmäisen kaupallisesti menestyneen polttomoottorin.[1] Lenoir rakensi toimivan kaasumoottorin vuonna 1860. Se jäi kuitenkin myöhempien saksalaisten moottorikeksintöjen varjoon.[2]

Lenoirin moottori oli muunneltu kaksitoimisesta höyrymoottorista. Kaksitahtisena se käytti hiilikaasua ja ilmaa. Moottorilla oli vain neljän prosentin hyötysuhde, mutta se toimi sulavasti ja oli kestävä. Vuonna 1865 yli 400 oli käytössä Ranskassa ja tuhat Isossa-Britanniassa. Moottoreita käytettiin alhaisen kuorman kohteissa kuten pumpuissa ja painamisessa.[1] Lenoir hyödynsi olemassa olevia ideoita kuten Robert Streetin mäntää, Isaac de Rivazin kipinäsytytystä ja Heinrich Daniel Rühmkorffin vastikään keksimää käämiä.[3] Lenoirin moottori ei käyttänyt puristusta, mutta hän teki kokeita Alfonse Beau de Rochasin vuonna 1862 patentoimalla nelitahtisella puristuksella.[3]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b Étienne Lenoir britannica.com. Viitattu 3.4.2023. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ ”Lenoir”, Otavan Iso Tietosanakirja 5. (Palsta 484) Helsinki: Otava, 1963.
  3. ↑ a b Jean-François Tissot: Birth of an idea: Etienne Lenoir and the internal combustion engine charge-magazine.abb.com. 29.10.2020. Arkistoitu 18.4.2023. Viitattu 18.4.2023. (englanniksi)

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