Viulukonsertto (Tšaikovski)

Pjotr Tšaikovskin viulukonsertto D-duuri op. 35 on yksi suosituimpia koskaan sävellettyjä viulukonserttoja.

Syntyhistoria

Tšaikovski sävelsi viulukonserton kevään 1878 aikana. Se oli yksi niistä teoksista, jotka auttoivat häntä pääsemään yli vuotta aikaisemmin päättyneestä onnettomasta avioliitostaan. Teoksen nopeus ja aurinkoiset tunnelmat antavat vaikutelman, että säveltäjä toipui varsin nopeasti tästä elämäänsä järkyttäneestä parisuhteesta. Yhtenä syynä tähän oli todennäköisesti hänen entisen oppilaansa, viulisti Iosif Kotekin miellyttävä seura. He keskustelivat yhdessä konserton soolo-osasta.

Tšaikovski halusi omistaa konserttonsa tunnetulle unkarilaiselle viulistille Leopold Auerille, mutta tämä totesi aluksi, että se oli mahdoton soittaa (Nikolai Rubinstein oli sanonut samoin Tšaikovskin Pianokonsertosta nro 1). Viulukonserton soitti sen ensi-illassa 4. joulukuuta 1881 venäläinen viulisti Adolf Brodski. Vuosia myöhemmin Auer väitti, ettei hän suinkaan ollut pitänyt teosta mahdottomana soitettavaksi, vaan hänen mielestään sen eräät osuudet olivat olleet liian vaikeita ja hän oli kehottanut Tšaikovskia muuttamaan ne, mihin säveltäjä ei ollut suostunut. Toisaalta Auer ylisti vuolaasti konserton parhaita kohtia.[1]

Kuuluisa wieniläinen kriitikko Eduard Hanslick, joka tyrmäsi myös Franz Lisztin ja Richard Wagnerin musiikin, arvosteli teosta ankarin sanoin. Hanslick kirjoitti muun muassa: "Viulua ei enää soiteta, sitä kiskotaan, se revitään kappaleiksi, se piestään mustaksi ja siniseksi... Friedrich Vischer tässä äskettäin kirjoitti eräistä irstaista maalauksista, että ne 'haisevat silmään'. Tšaikovskin viulukonsertto herättää sen kauhistuttavan ajatuksen, että saattaa olla musiikkia, joka haisee korvaan." Tästä huolimatta konsertosta on tullut yksi Tšaikovskin rakastetuimmista teoksista.[1]

Osat

  1. Allegro moderato (D-duuri)
  2. Canzonetta: Andante (g-molli)
  3. Finale: Allegro vivacissimo (D-duuri)

Lähteet

  1. a b Oiva Talvitie ja Kari Rydman (toim.): Sävelten maailma: musiikinkuuntelijan tietoteos, s. 365. Porvoo-Helsinki: WSOY, 1956.


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