Veneetin kieli

Italian ja sen lähialueiden kielet noin 500-luvulla eaa.

Veneetin kieli[1] on muinaisessa Venetiassa asuneiden veneettien puhuma kuollut kieli. Se väistyi latinan tieltä ajanlaskumme kahden ensimmäisen vuosisadan aikana.[2]

Kieli tunnetaan noin 350:n Koillis-Italiasta ja sen lähialueilta löydetyn piirtokirjoituksen perusteella. Eteläisimmät löydöt ovat lähellä Pojoen suuta sijaitsevasta Adriasta, pohjoisimmat Gailjoelta Itävallan Kärntenistä ja itäisimmät Triestestä. Varhaisimmat niistä ovat 500-luvun lopusta ja nuorimmat ensimmäisen vuosisadan puolivälistä eaa. Tekstit koostuvat lähes yksinomaan votiivi- ja hautakirjoituksista.[2] Suurin osa niistä on laadittu etruskeilta omaksutulla kirjaimistolla, johon on lisätty yksittäisiä kreikkalaisia merkkejä. 100-luvulta lähtien veneetit käyttivät latinalaista kirjaimistoa.[3]

Veneetti on indoeurooppalainen kieli, mutta sen kuuluminen kielikunnan itaaliseen ryhmään on kyseenalaista. Kysymys veneetin asemasta indoeurooppalaisten kielten joukossa on toistaiseksi avoin.[4]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Anhava, Jaakko: Maailman kielet ja kielikunnat (3. painos), s. 66. Tampere: Gaudeamus, 2005. ISBN 951-662-734-X
  2. ↑ a b Roger D. Woodard (ed.): The Ancient Languages of Europe, s. 124. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-521-68495-8
  3. ↑ Lingvistitšeski entsiklopeditšeski slovar, s. 214. Moskva: Sovetskaja entsiklopedija, 1990. ISBN 5-85270-031-2
  4. ↑ Roger D. Woodard (ed.): The Ancient Languages of Europe, s. 126. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0-521-68495-8

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