Rosh Pinna

Rosh Pinna
Paikallista katunäkymää, Gideon Merin rakennus.
Paikallista katunäkymää, Gideon Merin rakennus.

Rosh Pinna

Koordinaatit: 32°58′12″N, 35°32′32″E

Valtio Israel
Hallintoalue Pohjoinen
Väkiluku (2018) 3 120


















Rosh Pinna (hepr. ‏ראש פינה‎, Roš Pina) on mošav Israelin Pohjoisella hallintoalueella. Sen asukasluku oli vuoden 2018 lopussa 3 120.

Maantiede

Vanha tie Safediin.

Rosh Pinna sijaitsee Israelin pohjoisosassa Kanaaninvuoren juurella ja Hulanlaakson eteläpuolella.[1] Vuoren rinnettä ylöspäin sijaitsee Safedin kaupunki ja Hatzor HaGlilit.[2]

Historia

Brittien tullirakennus 1939.

Rosh Pinnan perustivat joukko Safedista saapuneita uskonnollisia juutalaisia vuonna 1878. Alun perin he kutsuivat paikkaa nimellä Gel Oni viereisen Ja'unan arabikylän mukaan. Paikkakuntaan on sittemmin joskus viitattu "Israelin ensimmäisenä kylänä", mutta juutalaisasutus kesti aluksi vain muutamia vuosia. Ensimmäiset asukkaat kohtasivat useita vaikeuksia ja Gel Oni hylättiin vain hieman yli kahden vuoden jälkeen.[1]

Uusia siirtoaisia saapui kuitenkin jo vuonna 1882, tällä kertaa Romaniasta. Paikkakunnalle annettiin uusi nimi Rosh Pinna eli "kulmakivi" viittauksena Psalmien kirjan säkeeseen. He alkoivat viljellä maata kasvattaen esimerkiksi tupakkaa ja silkkitoukkia. Paikalliset kohtasivat edelleen taloudellisia vaikeuksia huolimatta Edmond de Rotchildilta saadusta taloudellisesta tuesta. Arabikapinan aikana paikkakuntaa vastaan hyökättiin useampaan otteeseen. Vuonna 1938 kolme paikallista tuomittiin ja yksi hirtettiin arabien bussia vastaan tehdystä kostoiskusta.[1] Gideon Mer tutki malariaa laboratoriossaan Rosh Pinnassa vuodesta 1929.[2]

Israel itsenäistyi vuonna 1948 ja Rosh Pinnan viereen perustettiin ma’barah, eli uusien juutalaisten siirtolaisten väliaikainen asutus. Osa heistä muutti sittemmin viereiseen Hatzor HaGlilitiin tai muualle Israeliin. Oman kunnanvaltuustonsa paikka sai vuonna 1949.[1]

Talous

Osa paikallisista harjoittaa edelleen maanviljelyä, mutta matkailusta on tullut huomattava elinkeino.[1] Monet paikallisista tarjoavat aamiaismajoitusta eli zimmerim.[2]

Väestö

Rosh Pinnan asukasluku oli vuoden 2018 lopussa 3 120.[3] Vuonna 2002 vastaava lukema oli 2 210 ja vuonna 1953 1 480.[1]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Fred Skolnik ja Michael Berenbaum: Encyclopaedia Judaica Volume 17 Ra-Sam, s. 466-467. Thomson Gale, 2007. ISBN 978-0-02-865928-2 (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ a b c Avigayil Kadesh: Rosh Pina: Israel’s first village Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Viitattu 11.2.2020. (englanniksi)
  3. ↑ List of localities, in Alphabetical order (pdf) Central Bureau of Statistics. Viitattu 11.2.2020. (englanniksi)

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