Pāṇini

Hakusana ”Panini” ohjaa tänne. Panini on voileipä ja Panini on keräilykorttivalmistaja.
Pāṇini rintakuva.

Pāṇini (devanagari: पाणिनि, [ˈpɑːɳɪn̪ɪ]) oli intialainen kielitieteilijä, joka kokosi klassisen sanskritin kieliopin todennäköisesti 5. tai 4. ajanlaskuamme edeltäneellä vuosisadalla.[1] Hänen sanotaan opettaneen kuuluisassa Taxilan yliopistossa, ja häntä pidetään yhtenä vanhimmista kielioppien kokoajista.

Pāṇinin elinaikana sutrat (oppikirjat) alkoivat toimia uutena välineenä aatteiden välitykseen. Hän kirjoitti klassisen sanskritin toimintatavat ylös vajaaseen neljääntuhanteen sääntöön. Teoksesta tuli Intiassa kielellinen auktoriteetti, ja sitä kommentoitiin vuolaasti. Kun britit tekivät Intiasta siirtokuntansa 1800-luvulla, Pāṇinin kirjoitukset tulivat tunnetuksi myös muualla maailmassa ja saivat toimia innoituksen lähteenä tuleville länsimaisille kieliopeille. Vastaavan laajuista ja modernia kielioppia ei Pāṇinin jälkeen kirjoitettu vuosituhansiin.

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Ashtadhyayi Encyclopedia Britannica. Viitattu 19.7.2013.
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