Offsetpaino

MAN Roland 500 -neliväriarkkioffsetpainokone.
MAN Roland -sanomalehtipainokone.

Offsetpainotekniikka on nykyisin käytetyin painomenetelmä. Offsetpainotekniikka on laakapainomenetelmä, jossa painava ja ei-painava pinta ovat samalla tasolla.[1] Offset-menetelmä kehittyi kivipainosta 1900-luvun alussa.[2]

Periaate

Offsetpainomenetelmä perustuu rasvan ja veden hylkimisille. Painolevyllä väriä vastaanottavat kohdat hylkivät vettä ja väriä luovuttamattomat kohdat ottavat vastaan veden. Koska painoväri on rasvaista, se tarttuu vain väriä vastaanottaviin kohtiin. Painettava kuva ei siirry suoraan painolevyltä paperille, vaan ensin käänteisenä kumisylinterin pinnalle ja siitä oikein päin paperille.[1] Tästä tulee menetelmän englanninkielinen nimitys offset, ’siirtymä’.[2]

Painotapahtuma

Painotapahtuma offsetpainomenetelmässä:[1]

  1. kostutustelat kostuttavat painolevyn pinnan ja samalla väritelat levittävät värin painolevylle
  2. kostutusvesi tarttuu ei-painaville pinnoille ja painoväri painaville alueille
  3. painoväri siirtyy painolevyltä kumisylinterille
  4. paperi kulkee kumisylinterin ja vastasylinterin välistä jolloin väri siirtyy painopaperille.

Sanomalehtipaino

Väri kiinnittyy paperiin yksinkertaisimmillaan imeytymällä sen huokoiseen pintaan ("coldset" tai "non-heatset" offset). Tämä menetelmä on edullisin ja sopii päällystämättömille papereille. Sitä käytetään yleensä sanomalehtiä painettaessa. Paperiradan päässä ei ole kuivausuunia, joka kuivattaisi painetun paperipinnan.[1]

Lehtipaino

Pyrittäessä parempaan painojälkeen tai käytettäessä päällystettyä paperia on värin kiinnittyminen varmistettava kuivattamalla se lämmittämällä ("heatset" offset).[1] Painokoneesta, jonka paperiradassa on painosylinterien jälkeen kuivatusyksikkö, käytetään englanninkielistä nimitystä "heatset web offset" (HSWO). Jos kuivatusyksikkö puuttuu, vastaava nimitys on "coldset web offset" (CSWO).

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d e Seppälä, Markku J. (toim.); Grönstrand, Joel; Karhuketo, Hannu; Törn, Tage: Kemiallinen metsäteollisuus III: Paperin ja kartongin jalostus, s. 86–97. Opetushallitus, 2000. ISBN 952-13-0606-8
  2. ↑ a b Gardberg, Lars-Eric: Savitauluista laseriin: kirjapainotaidon historia, s. 91, 171–172. Avain, 2011. ISBN 978-951-692-852-7

Aiheesta muualla

Painaminen
Painotekniikat

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