Maysan

Maysan
ميسان, Maysān
Missan
Sijainti
Sijainti
Valtio Irak
Hallinto
 – hallinnollinen keskus Amara (31.8434°N, 47.1455°E)
Pinta-ala  ([1]) 16 072 km²
Väkiluku (2013)  ([1]) 922 072
HDI (2012[2]) 0,639
Lyhenteet
 – ISO 3166 IQ-MA

Maysan (arab. ميسان‎, Maysān) tai Missan on Irakin itäosassa, Bagdadista kaakkoon sijaitseva kuvernoraatti (maakunta). Siihen kuuluu 16 072 neliökilometriä eli 3,7 prosenttia Irakin pinta-alasta.[1]

Maakunnan väkiluku oli vuoden 1997 väestönlaskennassa 637 126.[3] Vuonna 2013 asukkaita arvioitiin olevan 922 072 (2,9 % Irakin väestöstä). Väestöstä 72,4 prosenttia asui kaupungeissa ja 27,6 prosenttia maaseudulla.[1]

Kuvernoraatti jakautuu kuuteen piirikuntaan:[1]

  • Ali al-Gharbi (5 % väestöstä),
  • Amara (53 %),
  • al-Kahla (8 %),
  • al-Maimouna (10 %),
  • al-Mejar al-Kabi (14 %), ja
  • Qalat Saleh (Qal’at Saleh, 10 %).

Kuvernoraatin pääkaupunki on Amara (al-ʿAmāra).[1] Se sijaitsee linnuntietä 305 kilometriä Bagdadista kaakkoon.

Maatalous oli aiemmin keskeisessä asemassa Maysanin kuvernoraatissa mutta sota, levottomuudet ja ympäristömuutokset ovat rapistuttaneet tuotannon perustan. Maakunnan kosteikkoalueet ovat myös kokeneet pitkäkestoisia ympäristömuutoksia, mikä on vaikeuttanut niillä alueilla asuneiden toimeentuloa. Maakunta on keskeistä öljyntuotantoaluetta, ja siellä tuotetaan myös asfalttia ja soraa. Maakunnassa on yli 300 arkeologista kohdetta. Turismia pidetään mahdollisena kehittämiskohteena.[1]

Vuonna 2011 väestöstä 16,4 % oli kansallisen köyhyysrajan alapuolella eli tuli toimeen alle 2,5 dollarilla päivässä.[1] Vuotta 2012 kuvaava alueellinen inhimillisen kehityksen indeksi oli 0,639, mikä oli Irakin alhaisin maakuntatason lukema.[2]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h Missan Iraq. Governorate profile (pdf) 2013. Joint Analysis Unit, United Nations, iau-iraq.org. Viitattu 25.9.2015. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ a b Iraq Human Development Report 2014. Iraqi Youth Challenges and Opportunities (Maakuntakohtaiset HDI-arvot taulukossa 1 (Table 1. Human Development Index (HDI) and its componets). Lähtöaineisto vuodelta 2011–2012, joten vuonna 2014 julkaistut indeksit kuvaavat vuoden 2012 tilannetta) Ministry of Planning, Iraq. Viitattu 25.9.2015. (englanniksi)
  3. ↑ Thomas Brinkhoff: Iraq. Governorates & Regions citypopulation.de. Viitattu 25.9.2015. (englanniksi)

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