Kheiron

Kheiron ja Akhilleus. Roomalaisaikainen fresko Herculaneumista.

Kheiron (m.kreik. Χείρων, Kheirōn, lat. Chiron) on kreikkalaisessa mytologiassa Thessaliassa asuva viisas kentauri. Hän opetti monia ihmissankareita, kuten Akhilleusta ja Heraklesta.[1] Kheiron on tunnettu viisaudestaan, lempeydestään ja lääkintätaidoistaan.[1]

Toisin kuin muut kentaurit, jotka polveutuivat kuningas Iksionista, Kheiron oli titaani Kronoksen ja erään merenneidon poika. Täten hän myös oli ylijumala Zeuksen velipuoli. Hevosmaiset piirteensä hän oli saanut siitä, että Kronos oli lähestynyt hänen äitiään hevosen olomuodossa.

Khreiron oli muista kentaureista poiketen viisas ja hyväluonteinen. Koulutuksensa hän sai tieteiden ja taiteiden jumala Apollonilta ja metsästyksen jumalatar Artemiilta. Hänet tunnettiin taidoistaan ​​metsästyksen, lääketieteen, musiikin ja ennustamisen alalla. Hän oli myös erinomainen lyyransoittaja. Kheiron asusti muiden kentaurien tapaan Pelion-vuorella. Siellä hän myös opetti Kreikan suurimpia sankareita, kuten Heraklesta, Nestoria, Iasonia, Theseusta, Odysseusta ja monia muita. Juuri Kheiron opetti Peleukselle miten saada itselleen nereidi Thetiksen. Peleuksen ja Thetiksen poika Akhilleus annettiinkin Kheironin kasvatettavaksi. Argo-laivan argonautit saivat häneltä kalenterin.

Apollon uskoi poikansa Asklepioksen Kheironin vastuulle. Kun kentauri palasi kotiinsa kantaen vauvaa, hänen tyttärensä Okyroe tuli häntä vastaan, ja lapsen nähdessään puhkesi ennustamaan kunniaa, joka hänen oli määrä saavuttaa. Asklepios sai Kheironilta kaiken lääketieteellisen osaamisensa. Asklepioksesta tuli aikuisena tunnettu lääkäri, ja kerran hän onnistui jopa herättämään kuolleita henkiin. Haades paheksui tätä, ja Zeus hänen pyynnöstään iski rohkeaa lääkäriä salamalla ja tappoi hänet.[2] Lopulta Asklepios nousi lääkintätaidon jumalaksi.

Toisin kuin muut kentaurit, Kheiron kuului kuolemattomiin. Hänen kohtalokseen koitui kuitenkin äkkipikainen Herakles, joka ampui vahingossa opettajaansa Hydran vereen kastetulla myrkkynuolella. Kheironin tuskat olivat niin valtaisia, että hän rukoili Zeukselta kuolemaa. Zeus korotti Kheironin kuoltua hänet tähtitaivaalle Jousimiehen tähdistöksi.[1]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c Juha Honkala: Mytologian sanakirja, s. 125. Helsinki: WSOY, 2000. ISBN 951-0-24578-X
  2. ↑ Bulfinch, Thomas: Bulfinch's Mythology. Lee & Shepard, 1867. Teoksen verkkoversio Viitattu 17.10.2023. (englanniksi)

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