Heinrich Gerber

Heinrich Gerber

Heinrich Gerber (1832–1912) oli saksalainen insinööri ja sillanrakentaja. Hän opiskeli Nürnbergissä ja Münchenissä ja toimi Baijerin valtionrautateiden palveluksessa rautasiltojen rakentajana.[1]

Gerber antautui tälle siihen aikaan vähän tunnetulle erikoisalalle, jolla hän herätti varhain huomiota. Hän siirtyi 1858 toiminimi Klett & Co:n palvelukseen. Mainzin lähelle Reinin yli rakennettavaa siltaa varten Klett & Co perusti Mainzin lähelle Gustavsburgiin tehtaan. Tehtaasta kehittyi Gerberin johdolla Augsburg-Nürnbergin konetehtaan alainen tunnettu sillanrakennustehdas, joka rakensi siltoja Suomeenkin, muun muassa Kyrönsalmen rautatiesillan Savonlinnan lähelle.[1]

Heinrich Gerberin muistomerkki Hofissa.

Gerber kehitti huomattavasti silta- ja rautarakenteiden sekä teoreettista että rakenteellista puolta ja esitti muun muassa ensimmäisenä tavan laskea vaihtelevien rasitusten alaisia sauvoja silloissa, avonaisten siltojen puristuspaarteen nurjahdusvarmuutta ja keinon vähentää rautarakenteiden sivujännityksiä. Hän keksi 1866 nivelien käytön monitukisissa palkeissa ja toteutti keksintönsä sekä teoreettisesti että rakenteellisesti hyvin suunnitelluissa silloissa, loi siltamuodon, joka hänen nimeään kantaen (Gerber-sillat eli ulokesillat) levisi ympäri maailman. Sitä käytettiin sekä rauta- että myös rautabetonialalla ja varsinkin suuriin pitkäjänteisiin sekä katu- että rautatiesiltoihin. Aikakauden maailman suurimmat sillat – joitakin riippusiltoja lukuun ottamatta – oli suunniteltu ja rakennettu Gerber- eli ulokesiltoina.

Gerberin julkaisuja ovat muun muassa Berechnung der Brückenträger nach System Pauli (1865); Träger mit freiliegenden Stützpunkten (1870); Bestimmung der zulässigen Spannungen in Eisenkonstruktionen (1874).[1]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c Gerber, Heinrich, Tietosanakirja. Osa 11. Täydennysosa. Palsta 309–310. Tietosanakirja-osakeyhtiö 1922.

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