Harlechin linna

Jykevä porttirakennus on Harlechin linnan tunnusomaisimpia piirteitä.
Rantaviivan vetäytymisen seurauksena alun perin rantajyrkänteelle rakennettu linna sijaitsee nykyään jo melko kaukana merestä.

Harlechin linna on keskiaikainen linna, joka sijaitsee Harlechissa, Pohjois-Walesissa lähellä Snowdonin vuorta. Englannin kuningas Edvard I rakennutti jyrkänteellä Irlanninmeren rannan tuntumassa seisovan linnan 1200-luvun lopulla Walesin valloituksensa yhteydessä.

Linnan kunnossapidosta huolehtii nykyään Cadw-virasto. Linna on avoin yleisölle.[1] Yhdessä Beaumarisin, Conwyn ja Caernarfonin linnojen kanssa se on kuulunut vuodesta 1986 Unescon maailmanperintöluetteloon.[2]

Historia

Harlechin linnan rakennustyöt aloitettiin vuonna 1283 osana Eryriä ympäröivää linnoitusketjua, jonka tarkoituksena oli lujittaa Edvard I:n valta Walesissa alueen kapinoivia ruhtinaita vastaan käydyn sodan jälkeen. Harlechin rakennustöistä vastasi mestari James of St. George. Linna valmistui seitsemän vuoden rakennustöiden jälkeen vuonna 1289, ja jo vuonna 1294 se joutui piiritetyksi Madoc ap Llywelynin nostattaman kapinan yhteydessä.

Ruusujen sodassa Lancaster-suvulle uskollinen Harlech jäi piiritetyksi Yorkien hallitsemalle alueelle Lancasterien kärsittyä tappion Towtonin taistelussa. Piiritystä kesti kaikkiaan seitsemän vuotta, kunnes linnan puolustajat antautuivat vuonna 1468 Lancasterien linnoituksista viimeisenä. Poikkeuksellisen pitkän piirityksen mahdollisti linnan yhteyteen rakennettu muurien suojaama väylä jyrkänteen alaiseen rantaan, mitä kautta linnan puolustajia oli mahdollista huoltaa meriteitse.

Lähteet

  1. ↑ Harlech Castle Cadw. Arkistoitu 24.5.2006. Viitattu 7.7.2010. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ Castles and Town Walls of King Edward in Gwynedd UNESCO. Viitattu 7.7.2010. (englanniksi)

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