Giambologna

Giambologna
Hendrick Goltzius: Giambolognan muotokuva
Hendrick Goltzius: Giambolognan muotokuva
Henkilötiedot
Syntynyt1524
Kuollut1608
Kansalaisuus italialainen, flaamilainen
Taiteilija
Ala kuvanveisto
Taidesuuntaus manierismi
Kuuluisimpia töitä Sabiinitarten ryöstö 1574-1582

Giambologna, myös Giovanni da Bologna, (oik. Jean de Boulogne; 15241608) oli flaamilaissyntyinen, Italiassa työskennellyt kuvanveistäjä. Hänen tunnetuimpia veistoksiaan ovat Sabiinittarien ryöstö ja Cosimo I:n ratsastajapatsas, molemmat Firenzessä. Giambologna oli keskeinen manierismin edustaja.[1]

Giambologna syntyi Douaissa (nykyisin Ranskassa). Hän opiskeli nuorena Jacques du Broeucqin johdolla Antwerpenissä ja muutti vuonna 1550 Italiaan opiskellakseen Roomassa. Hän teki yksityiskohtaisia veistostutkielmia antiikin veistoksista. Giambologna sai vaikutteita myös Michelangelolta, mutta kehitti oman manieristisen tyylinsä, joka painotti enemmänkin viimeisteltyä pintaa, tyylikästä eleganssia ja kauneutta kuin voimakkaita emootioita. Pius IV teki ensimmäisen suuren tilauksen suuresta Neptunuksen pronssipatsaasta suihkulähdettä varten Bolognaan. Suurimman osan ajasta Giambologna kuitenkin työskenteli Firenzessä, jonne hän muutti 1553. Kymmenen vuoden kuluttua hänet kutsuttiin jäseneksi Accademia delle Arti del Disegnoon, jonka Cosimo I de’ Medici oli juuri perustanut. Hänestä tuli myös yksi Medicien tärkeimmistä hoviveistäjistä. Giambologna kuoli Firenzessä 79-vuotiaana. Medicit eivät olleet antaneet hänen lähteä Firenzestä, koska pelkäsivät Habsburgien ottavan hänet veistäjäkseen.

Giambologna tuli tunnetuksi liikkeen ja toiminnan kuvauksestaan sekä viimeistellystä monipuolisesta pintakäsittelystään. Tunnettuja teoksia on Merkurius, josta hän teki neljä versiota, samoin hänen Venus-aiheiset veistoksensa. Hän teki myös Välimeren seudun poliittista propagandaa sisältäneitä allegorioita, kuten Firenze kukistaa Pisan. Giambolognan sommittelua kuuluisassa Sabiinitarten ryöstössä, jossa on kolme toisiinsa kietoutuvaa hahmoa, ihailtiin yleisesti.

Giambolognalla oli suuri vaikutus myöhempiin kuvanveistäjiin oppilaidensa kautta, jotka vaikuttivat eri puolilla Eurooppaa. Italiassa hän vaikutti muun muassa Gian Lorenzo Berniniin.

Lähteet

  1. ”Bologna, Giovanni da”, CD-Facta. Helsinki: WSOY, 1998. ISBN 951-0-23152-5

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