Etelä-Libanonin armeija

Etelä-Libanonin armeija eli Vapaan Libanonin armeija (engl. South Lebanese Army, SLA, arab. جيش لبنان الجنوبي‎, Jajsh Lubnān al-Janūbi, hepr. ‏צבא דרום לבנון, צד"ל‎, Tzvá Dróm Levanón) oli Israelin rahoittama palkka-armeija tai kodinturvajoukko, jonka tehtävänä on ollut toisaalta estää šiiamuslimien Amal-taistelujärjestöä ja palestiinalaisia hyökkäämästä Israeliin ja toisaalta puolustaa paikallisia kyliä. SLA:ta ei ole koskaan tunnustettu kansainvälisesti viralliseksi armeijaksi, minkä vuoksi Yhdistyneet kansakunnatkin on käyttänyt siitä nimitystä ”de facto forces” eli tosiasiassa olevat joukot. Niiden pääpaikkana oli Marjayoun.

Etelä-Libanonin armeija nousi Suomessa uutisotsikoihin kesäkuussa 1985 sen kaapattua 25 UNIFIL-rauhanturvaoperaatioon osallistunutta suomalaissotilasta. Vangittujen joukossa oli suomalaispataljoonan komentaja eversti Venni Hakala. Kaappaus sai alkunsa suomalaisten suorittamasta valehyökkäyksestä ja vangitsemiseksi naamioidusta operaatiosta, jolla he yrittivät pelastaa 11 SLA:sta Amal-järjestön riveihin loikannutta taistelijaa. SLA vaati loikkareiden palauttamista uhaten muussa tapauksessa ampua suomalaiset panttivankinsa, joista pääosa siirrettiin SLA:n päämajaan Marjayouniin. Israel syytti suomalaisia puolueellisuudesta, mutta YK:n tutkimuskomission mukaan suomalaiset olivat toimineet täysin oikein. Suomalaiset vapautettiin lopulta tiiviiden neuvottelujen tuloksena viikon kestäneen vankeuden jälkeen. Neuvotteluihin osallistuivat Israelin pää- ja ulkoministerit sekä YK:n silloinen apulaispääsihteeri Brian Urquhart.[1]

Lähteet

  1. Mitä-Missä-Milloin, Kansalaisen vuosikirja 1986, s. 78–79. Helsinki: Otava, 1985.
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