Compagnie Malienne pour le Développement des Textiles

Puuvillan korjuuta Faman kylässä.
CMDT:n tehtaalla.

Compagnie Malienne pour le Développement des Textiles eli CMDT on vuonna 1974 perustettu Malin puuvillan tuotantoyhtiö. Sen tehtävänä on ohjata ja kehittää puuvillan viljelyä, jalostaa tuotantoa kuiduksi ja myydä sitä maan tekstiiliteollisuudelle sekä vientiin.[1]

CMDT Holdingin pääomasta 99,49 % omistaa Malin valtio ja 0,51 % ranskalainen Geocoton-yhtiö. Neljästä alueellisesta tuotantoyhtiöstä 80 % kuuluu CMDT Holdingille ja 20 % Union Nationale des Sociétés Coopératives des Producteurs de Coton -järjestöön yhdistyneille tuottajille. Yhtiö toimii maan eteläosassa Kayesin alueen Kitan piirissä, Koulikoron alueen Dioïlan piirissä, koko Sikasson alueella sekä Ségoun alueen Barouélin, Blan, Sanin ja Tominianin piireissä. Se työllistää noin 1 500 vakituista ja 3 000 kausityöntekijää. Puuvillaa kasvatetaan 171 000 perheviljelmällä, jotka ovat järjestäytyneet kyläyhdistyksiksi ja osuuskunniksi. Keskimäärin kymmenen hehtaarin suuruisista viljelmistä kolmasosa on varattu puuvillan viljelyyn. Sen ohella viljellään maissia, hirssiä, durraa, riisiä ja vihanneksia.[1]

Malin puuvillan tuotanto on 2010-luvulla kasvanut tasaisesti lisääntyneen lannoitteiden käytön ja CMDT:n tukitoimien ansiosta[1]. Satokaudella 2017–2018 saavutettiin uusi ennätystulos, yli 720 000 tonnia puuvillansiementä[2]. Samalla myös maissin, hirssin ja durran tuotanto on lisääntynyt. CMDT:llä on 17 puuvillanpuhdistuslaitosta, jotka vuonna 2014–2015 tuottivat 232 748 tonnia kuitua ja 290 106 tonnia öljysiementä. Samana vuonna myydyn kuitutuotannon arvo oli 170,66 miljardia ja öljysiemenen 27,56 miljardia CFA-frangia.[1] Malilainen puuvillakuitu on hyvälaatuista,[3] ja se tuottaa 15 % maan vientituloista (vuonna 2012)[4]. Kotimaiset yritykset Comatex, Batex-CI ja Fitina jalostavat alle kaksi prosenttia tuotannosta.[5] Öljysiemenen jalosti aikaisemmin valtionyhtiö Huicoma, mutta nykyään se myydään markkinahintaan[6].

Malin hallitus on suunnitellut CMDT:n yksityistämistä vuodesta 2001, mutta toistaiseksi hanke ei ole edennyt[3].

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d Groupe CMDT cmdt-mali.net. Arkistoitu 11.3.2018. Viitattu 11.3.2018.
  2. ↑ Les performances de la CMDT ramènent la confiance des bailleurs de fonds Maliactu.net. 9.2.2018. Arkistoitu 11.3.2018. Viitattu 11.3.2018.
  3. ↑ a b Kaegi, Stefanie et al.: Organic Cotton Experiences: Learnings and recommendations from Mali, Burkina Faso and Kyrgyzstan, s. 37. Zurich: Helvetas, 2017. Teoksen verkkoversio. (Arkistoitu – Internet Archive)
  4. ↑ African Economic Outlook 2013. Special Thematic Edition: Structural Transformation and Natural Resources, s. 148. African Development Bank, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, United Nations Development Programme, Economic Commission for Africa, 2013. Teoksen verkkoversio. (Arkistoitu – Internet Archive)
  5. ↑ Contribution du coton à la croissance économique au Mali: Rapport final coton-acp.org. 2009. Arkistoitu 23.4.2018. Viitattu 22.4.2018.
  6. ↑ Rietveld, Anne: Livelihood strategies in a globalizing world Analysis of farmers’ strategies in Southern Mali with emphasis on milk production wur.nl. 2009. Arkistoitu 23.4.2018. Viitattu 23.4.2018.

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