Cape Canaveral AFS LC-13

Launch Complex 13
SpaceX:n LZ-1-laskeutumisalusta.
SpaceX:n LZ-1-laskeutumisalusta.
Laukaisukeskus Cape Canaveral SFS
Sijainti 28.4859°N, 80.5444°W
Lyhenne LC-13
Käyttäjä US Air Force
NASA
SpaceX
Laukaisut 52
LC-13:n laukaisuhistoria
Status Odottaa
Ensimmäinen 2. elokuuta 1958
Atlas B 4B
Viimeisin 2. elokuuta 1978
Atlas Agena D 5505A
Raketit Atlas B
Atlas D
Atlas E
Atlas F
Atlas-Agena

Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Launch Complex 13 (LC-13) on entinen rakettien laukaisualusta Cape Canaveralin avaruustukikohdan pohjoisosassa Floridassa. Alusta oli kolmanneksi eteläisin CCAFS:n Missile Row:na tunnetuista alustoista ja sijaitsi alustojen LC-12 ja LC-14 välissä. LC-13:a käytettiin Atlas ICBM:n koelaukaisuihin sekä myöhemmin muihin Atlas-rakettiperheen laukaisuihin vuosina 1958–1978.[1] Se oli eniten käytetty ja pisimpään palvellut alkuperäisistä Atlas-laukaisualustoista (LC-11, 12, 13 ja 14).

LC-13 lisättiin huhtikuussa 1984 Yhdysvaltojen National Register of Historic Places -rekisteriin, mistä huolimatta sitä ei huollettu tarpeeksi, jolloin alusta rapistui hitaasti vuosikymmenten kuluessa. Kompleksin laukaisutorni purettiin turvallisuussyistä hallitulla räjätyksellä.[1] Alustan betonibunkkeri purettiin kesäkuussa 2012.[2]

Landing Zone 1

SpaceX nimesi alustan uudelleen Landing Zone 1:ksi vuonna 2015

SpaceX teki viiden vuoden vuokrasopimuksen Launch Complex 13 -alustan käytöstä helmikuussa 2015. Yhtiö aikoo käyttää alustaa uudelleenkäytettävien rakettien ensimmäisten vaiheiden laskeutumisiin,[3][3][4] minkä seurauksena alustan vanha Atlas-laukaisualusta on tarkoitus muuttaa viideksi erilliseksi laskeutumisalustaksi, joista yksi, päälasketumisalusta, olisi muita neljää selvästi suurempi.[3][5][6]

SpaceX oli korvannut alustan alkuperäinen LC-13-kyltin uudella Landing Complex 1 -kyltillä maaliskuussa 2015.[7][8][9] Nimi vaihtui vielä myöhemmin Landing Zone 1 -muotoon.[10]

Ensimmäinen onnistunut laskeutuminen alustalle tapahtui 22. joulukuuta 2015 Falcon 9 -raketin 20. lennolla, joka vei 11 Orbcomm OG2 -satelliittia matalalle Maan kiertoradalle.[11]

Katso myös

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b Ray, Justin: Historic Cape Canaveral launch pad toppled spaceflightnow.com. 6.8.2005. Spaceflight Now Inc. Viitattu 12.5.2015. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ Launch Complex 13 afspacemuseum.org. Air Force Space and Missile Museum. Arkistoitu 10.10.2018. Viitattu 12.5.2015. (englanniksi)
  3. ↑ a b c Gruss, Mike: SpaceX Leases Florida Launch Pad for Rocket Landings. Space.com, 10 February 2015. Artikkelin verkkoversio. Viitattu 12 February 2015.
  4. ↑ 45th Space Wing Public Affairs: 45th Space Wing, SpaceX sign first-ever landing pad agreement at the Cape patrick.af.mil. 10 February 2015. Viitattu 10 February 2015.
  5. ↑ Powers, Scott: SpaceX hopes to land rockets at Cape. Orlando Sentinel, 17 February 2015. Artikkelin verkkoversio. Viitattu 19 February 2015.
  6. ↑ DRAFT Environmental Assessment for the Space Exploration Technologies Vertical Landing of the Falcon Vehicle and Construction at Launch Complex 13 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station Florida patrick.af.mil. 1.10.2014. Viitattu 8 January 2015.
  7. ↑ Bergin, Chris: SpaceX Roadmap building on its rocket business revolution 28.7.2014. NASASpaceFlight.com. ”At this point, we are highly confident of being able to land successfully on a floating launch pad or back at the launch site and refly the rocket with no required refurbishment” Viitattu 28.7.2014.
  8. ↑ James Dean: SpaceX to try landing booster on a sea platform Florida Today. 6 January 2015. Viitattu 8 February 2015.
  9. ↑ Graham, William: SpaceX Falcon 9 ready for DSCOVR mission. NASASpaceFlight.com, 8 February 2015. Artikkelin verkkoversio. Viitattu 8 February 2015.
  10. ↑ Clark, Stephen: Rocket landing at Cape Canaveral planned after SpaceX launch spaceflightnow.com. 19.12.2015. Spaceflight Now Inc. Viitattu 22.12.2015. (englanniksi)
  11. ↑ Graham, William: SpaceX returns to flight with OG2, nails historic core return nasaspaceflight.com. 21.12.2015. NASASpaceflight. Viitattu 31.12.2015. (englanniksi)

Aiheesta muualla

Cape Canaveralin ja Merritt Islandin laukaisualustat
Cape Canaveral SFS · Kennedyn avaruuskeskus · Spaceport Florida
Alustat

LC-1 · LC-2 · LC-3 · LC-4 · LC-5 · LC-6 · LC-9 · LC-10 · LC-11 · LC-12 · LC-13 · LC-14 · LC-15 · LC-16 · SLC-17 · LC-18 · LC-19 · LC-20 · LC-21 · LC-22 · LC-25 · LC-26 · LC-29 · LC-30 · LC-31 · LC-32 · LC-34 · LC-36 · SLC-37 · LC-39 · SLC-40 · SLC-41 · LC-43 · LC-45 · SLC-46

Muut

Atlantic Missile Range drop zone · Cape Canaveral Mobile Launch Area · CCSFS Skid Strip · Eastern Test Range SLBM Launch Area · Grand Turk Island drop zone · Patrick SFB · SLF

Lihavoidut alustat ovat käytössä.
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