Bengkulu

Bengkulu
Sumatera Utara
Bengkulu
Lippu
Vaakuna
Sijainti
Sijainti

Koordinaatit: 3°48′S, 102°15′E

Valtio  Indonesia
Hallinto
 – Pääkaupunki Bengkulu
Pinta-ala 19919 km²
Väkiluku (2010) 1 691 600
 – väestötiheys 92 as./km²
Kielet Rejang
Bengkulu
Indonesia
Kansat Rejangit (60%)
Jaavalaiset (22%)
Serawait (17%)
Lembaklaiset (5%)
Pasemahit (4%)
Minangkabaut (4%)
Malaijit (3%)
Sundalaiset (3%)
Batakit (2%)[1]

Bengkulu on yksi Indonesian provinsseista. Sen alue käsittää pikän ja kapean kaistaleen Sumatran saaren lounaisrannikkoa, Intian valtameren rannalla. Bengkulun naapuriprovinssit ovat Länsi-Sumatra, Jambi, Etelä-Sumatra ja Lampung. Bengkulun pääkaupunki on myös nimeltään Bengkulu. Provinssin asukasluku on noin 1 691 600 (vuonna 2010) ja pinta-ala 19 919 neliökilometriä.[2]

Provinssin asukkaista noin 60% kuuluu Rejang-kansaan. Jaavalaisia on noin 22% ja Serawaita 17%. Provinssin puhutuin kieli on Rejangin kieli.[1][3][4]

Historia

Brittiläiset perustivat vuonna 1685 Bengkulun alueelle siirtokunnan Kaakkois-Aasian kauppansa tukikohdaksi. Britit antoivat alueen nimeksi Bencoolen ja alueelle rakennettiin Fort Marlboroughin linnoitus alueen turvaksi.[5][6] 1800-luvulle tultaessa Bengkulu oli ainoa alue Sumatralla, jota hollantilaiset eivät hallinneet.[5] Vuonna 1824 britit ja hollantilaiset solmivat sopimuksen, jolla Bengkulun alue luovutettiin hollantilaisille. Vastaavasti britit saivat hollantilaisten hallitseman Malakan. Maiden tekemän sopimuksen mukaisesti Hollannin Itä-Intian alueisiin kuului nykyinen Indonesian alue ja britit saivat Malakan niemimaan.[7] Bencoolenia hallinnut kuvernööri Thomas Stamford Raffles perusti alueelta lähdettyään uuden brittien kauppatukikohdan Singaporeen.[5][7]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b Indonesia's population 19.4.2003. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. Viitattu 2.3.2015. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ INDONESIA: Urban Municipality Population Citypopulation.de. Viitattu 2.3.2015.
  3. ↑ Rejang in Indonesia joshuaproject.net. Viitattu 2.3.2015. (englanniksi)
  4. ↑ Serawai in Indonesia joshuaproject.net. Viitattu 2.3.2015. (englanniksi)
  5. ↑ a b c Bengkulu indonesia-tourism.com. Viitattu 2.3.2015. (englanniksi)
  6. ↑ Fort Marlborough indonesia.travel. Viitattu 2.3.2015. (englanniksi)
  7. ↑ a b Barwise, J.M; White, N.J.: Matkaopas historiaan, Kaakkois-Aasia. Suomentanut Toppi, Anne. Suomi: Oy UNIpress Ab, 2002. ISBN 951-579-212-6


Indonesian provinssit
Sumatra
Jaava
Pienet Sundasaaret
Kalimantan
Sulawesi
Molukit
Länsi-Uusi-Guinea
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