Askia Ishaq I

Ishaq I (myös Ishaq Ber eli ”suuri”, ? – 25. maaliskuuta 1549[1] Kukiya) oli songhaivaltakunnan hallitsija eli askia vuosina 1539–1549.

Askia-dynastian perustajan Muhammad Turen pojat syrjäyttivät isänsä vuonna 1529[2]. Hallitsijaksi tuli ensin vanhin veli Musa, joka tapettiin vuonna 1531. Häntä seurasi Muhammad Bonkana Kirya, joka syrjäytettiin vuonna 1537. Kolmas veli Ismail kuoli pian isänsä jälkeen vuonna 1539. Hänen jälkeensä hallitsijaksi valittiin Ishaq.[3]

Virkamiehenä toiminut[4] Ishaq oli Muhammad Turen ja tämän jalkavaimon Kulthum Bardan poika. Hänen äitinsä oli mahdollisesti tuaregi. Songhaivaltakunnan historian päälähteet Tarikh al-fattaš ja Tarikh al-Sudan arvioivat Ishaqia täysin eri tavoin. Edellisen mukaan hän oli älykäs, oikeamielinen ja syvästi uskonnollinen mies. Jälkimmäinen kuvailee häntä kaikkien pelkäämäksi verenhimoiseksi tappajaksi. Luonnehdinta saattaa osin perustua siihen, että Ishaq riisti suuren määrän kultaa Timbuktun kauppiailta.[5]

Marokon ja songhaivaltakunnan suhteet kärjistyivät ensimmäisen kerran Ishaqin aikana. Wattasidi-sulttaani Abu l-Abbas Ahmad lähetti askialle kirjeen, jossa hän vaati Taghazan suolakaivoksia itselleen. Ishaq vastasi karkeasti ja lähetti tuaregit Marokkoon hävittämään Drâajoen laaksoa.[6]

Ishaq sairastui ja kuoli Kukiyassa[6]. Sen jälkeen valtaan nousi hänen veljensä Dawud[7].

Lähteet

  • Gomez, Michael A.: African Dominion: A New History of Empire in Early and Medieval West Africa. Princeton & Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2018. ISBN 978-0691177427

Viitteet

  1. ↑ Hunwick, John O.: Timbuktu and the Songhay Empire: Al-Sa'di's Ta'rikh al-Sudan down to 1613, and other contemporary documents, s. 336. Leiden & Boston: Brill, 2003. ISBN 90-04-12560-4
  2. ↑ Gomez, s. 309–310.
  3. ↑ Gomez, s. 316–329.
  4. ↑ Gomez, s. 320.
  5. ↑ Gomez, s. 329–330.
  6. ↑ a b Gomez, s. 331.
  7. ↑ Gomez, s. 334–335.

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