Aqča

Aqča

Aqča

Koordinaatit: 36°54′6″N, 66°11′14″E

Valtio  Afganistan
Maakunta Džouzdžan


















Aqča on kaupunki Afganistanin pohjoisosassa Džouzdžanin maakunnassa.

Maantiede

Torikauppaa meloneilla Aqčassa.

Aqča sijaitsee Afganistanin Džouzdžanin maakunnassa keidasalueella Balkabjoen varrella.[1]

Historia

Aqča mainitaan historiallisissa lähteissä ensimmäisen kerran 1600-luvulla, jolloin paikalla oli pieni linnoitettu kylä. Sittemmin paikkakunta oli oman ubekkien kaanikuntansa keskus. Aqčan kaanikunta oli alisteinen Buharan kaanille. Aqčasta tuli osa Afganistania 1800-luvulla emiiri Dust Muhammad Khanin valtakaudella. Sen asukasluku oli vuonna 1845 arviolta 7 000–8 000.[1]

Sodat ja kapinointi aiheuttivat mittavia tuhoja alueella 1800-luvun jälkipuoliskolla. Heinäkuussa 1869 alueelle tehtiin erityisen tuhoisa ryöstöretki, jota seurasi nälänhätä. Vuonna 1886 Aqčaa kuvailtiin raunioituneeksi ja lähes kokonaan hylätyksi kaupungiksi. Kaupunki toipui kuitenkin seuraavan vuosisadan alussa, kun Venäjän ja Neuvostoliiton hallistemista osista keski-Aasiaan tuli uzbekki- ja turkmeenipakolaisia. Vuonna 1956 alettiin rakentaa uutta ruutukaavan mukaista kaupunginosaa, josta muodostui kaupungin palvelu- ja liikekeskusta.[1]

Väestö

Kaupungin asukakat ovat pääasiassa tukrmeeneja ja uzbekkeja.[2] Perinteisesti kaupungissa on käyty kauppaa viljalla, lampailla ja hevosilla. Aikanaan kaupunki ja etenkin sen basaari houkuttelivat myös matkailijoita.[1]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b c d D. Balland: ĀQČA Encyclopædia Iranica. Viitattu 25.11.2020. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ Afghanistan: Situation in, or around, Aqcha (Jawzjan province) including predominant tribal/ethnic group and who is currently in control Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada. Viitattu 25.11.2020. (englanniksi)

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