Alfonso VII (Kastilia)

Alfonso VII, Leónin ja Kastilian kuningas. Compendio de crónicas de reyes. Biblioteca Nacional de España.

Alfonso VII Keisari (esp. El Emperador), (1. maaliskuuta 1105, Caldas de Reyes – 21. elokuuta 1157, Santa Elena) oli Kastilian ja Leónin kuningas vuosina 1126–1157 äitinsä Urracan jälkeen.[1]

Alfonso VII:llä oli vaateita muslimien hallitsemasta Zaragozasta, ja hänen vasallejaan olivat Navarran kuningas, Barcelonan kreivi Ramón Berenguer IV ja monet muut merkittävät aateliset. Alleviivatakseen johtoasemaansa kristittyjen kuninkaiden joukossa Alfonso antoi kruunata itsensä keisariksi vuonna 1135.[2]

Kuollessaan hän jakoi kuitenkin valtakuntansa kahdelle pojalleen ja vesitti näin työnsä kristittyjen valtioiden yhdistämiseksi.[3] Pojista Sancho III sai Kastilian ja Ferdinand II Leónin.[4]

Iberian niemimaa 1100-luvulla.
Alfonso VII

Suku ja perhe

Alfonso VII:n vanhemmat olivat Leónin kuningatar Urraca I ja Burgundin kreivi Raimund. Hänellä oli myös vanhempi sisar Sancha Ramirez ja avioton sisar- ja velipuoli äitinsä seuraavasta suhteesta.

Alfonso VII oli kaksi kertaa naimisissa ja hänellä oli tunnustettuja aviottomia lapsia.

Hän avioitui vuonna 1127/1128 Barcelonan Berengarian (1116–helmikuu 1149), Barcelonan kreivi Ramón Berenguer III:n ja Provencen kreivittären Dulcen tyttären kanssa. Heillä oli seitsemän lasta:

  • Ramón de Castilla, kuoli lapsena 1136 jälkeen
  • Sancho (1133–1158), Kastilian kuningas Sancho III
  • Fernando (1137–1188), Leónin kuningas Ferdinand II
  • Constanza de Castilla (n. 1136/1141–1160). Avioitui Ranskan kuninkaan Ludvig VII:n kanssa.
  • Sancha de Castilla (1137–1179), avioitui Navarran kuninkaan Sancho VI el Sabion kanssa.
  • García de Castilla (1142–1146), kuoli lapsena
  • Alfonso de Castilla (1144/1146–n. 1149), kuoli lapsena

Alfonso avioitui vuonna 1152 Puolan prinsessa Riquildan (1140–16. kesäkuuta 1185), suurherttua Vladislaus II:n ja Babenbergin Agneksen tyttären kanssa. Heillä oli kaksi lasta:

  • Fernando de Castilla (1153–1157), kuoli lapsena
  • Sancha de Castilla (1154–1208). Avioliitto 1174 Aragonin kuninkaan Alfonso II:n kanssa.

Suhteesta Gontrodo Pérezin kanssa:

  • Urraca Alfonso la Asturiana (1133–1189). Avioitui 1144 Pamplonan kuninkaan García Ramírezin kanssa.

Suhteesta Urraca Fernández de Castron kanssa, joka oli kreivi Rodrigo Martínezin leski:

  • Estefanía Alfonso la Desdichada (1139/1148–1180). Avioliitto Fernando Rodríguez de Castro el Castellanon kanssa, joka murhasi hänet.

Lähteet

  • O´Callaghan, J.F.: A history of Medieval Spain. United Kingdom: Cornell University, 1975. ISBN 0-8014-0880-6 (englanniksi)

Viitteet

  1. ↑ O´Callaghan, s. 679
  2. ↑ O´Callaghan, s. 223
  3. ↑ O´Callaghan, s. 233
  4. ↑ O´Callaghan, s. 235

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