Aleksandreia (Kaukasos)

Aleksandreia
Αλεξάνδρεια
Sijainti

Aleksandreia
Koordinaatit 34°59′33″N, 69°18′37″E
Valtio Afganistan
Paikkakunta Bagram, Parvan
Historia
Tyyppi kaupunki
Ajanjakso 329 eaa.–
Kulttuuri antiikki
Valtakunta Makedonian valtakunta
Seleukidien valtakunta
Kreikkalais-baktrialainen kuningaskunta
Alue Ariana
Aiheesta muualla

Aleksandreia Commonsissa

Aleksandreia (m.kreik. Αλεξάνδρεια, lat. Alexandria ad Caucasum, ”Aleksandreia Kaukasoksella”) oli antiikin aikainen hellenistinen kaupunki Paropamisos-vuorilla eli Intian Kaukasoksella (nyk. Hindukuš) Arianassa nykyisen Afganistanin alueella.[1][2][3] Se sijoitetaan lähelle nykyisiä Parvanin maakunnan Bagramia ja Čarikaria.[4]

Kaukasoksen Aleksandreia oli yksi Aleksanteri Suuren sotaretkellään perustamista lukuisista Aleksandreia-nimisistä kaupungeista. Se perustettiin maaliskuussa 329 eaa. Kaupunki sijaitsi Baktrian ja Arianan välissä kulkevien Paropamisos-vuorten eteläpuolella. Makedonialaiset kutsuivat vuoristoa erehdyksessä Kaukasokseksi eli Kaukasukseksi. Kaupunkiin asutettiin 3 000 makedonialaista ja kreikkalaista veteraania ja 4 000 paikallista asukasta.[1][5]

Myöhemmin Kapisan kuningaskunnan keskuksena tunnettu Kapisan kaupunki oli sama kuin Aleksandreia tai sijaitsi sen lähellä.[4][6]

Lähteet

  1. ↑ a b Stillwell, Richard & MacDonald, William L. & McAllister, Marian Holland (toim.): ”ALEXANDRIAN FOUNDATIONS Iraq, Iran, Afghanistan, Soviet Central Asia, India”, The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press, 1976. Teoksen verkkoversio. (englanniksi)
  2. ↑ Smith, William: ”Alexandreia (II.7)”, Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1854. Teoksen verkkoversio. (englanniksi)
  3. ↑ Arrianos: Anabasis 3.28.4; Quintus Curtius Rufus: Historiae Alexandri Magni Macedonis 7.3.23.
  4. ↑ a b Alexandria/Kapisa Pleiades. Viitattu 2.11.2020.
  5. ↑ Lendering, Jona: Alexander's City Foundations Livius.org. Viitattu 2.11.2020.
  6. ↑ Butler, Samuel & Rhys, Ernest: Map of the Ancient Orient, Caspian Area and Eastward, Media, Persis, Parthia, Bactria, Ariana etc. The Atlas of Ancient and Classical Geography. 1908. Viitattu 2.11.2020.

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