AMD Opteron

AMD Opteron 2212

AMD Opteron on AMD:n K8-arkkitehtuuriin pohjautuva palvelinsuoritin.

Suoritin eroaa Athlon 64 -suorittimista ainoastaan siten, että useimmissa Opteron-malleissa on useampi HyperTransport-väylä sekä useimmiten erilainen suoritinkanta, joka mahdollistaa niiden käytön monisuoritinkokoonpanoissa. Tosin jotkin halvemmat Opteronit käyttävät samaa kantaa kuin Athlon 64:t ja ovat siten täysin identtisiä näiden kanssa. Toisaalta osa Athlon 64 FX -sarjan suorittimista käyttää samaa kantaa kuin kalliimmat Opteronit ja ovat siten täysin identtisiä näiden kanssa.

Opteron julkaistiin 22. huhtikuuta 2003 1,4–1,8 GHz kellotaajuuksilla. Myöhemmin kellotaajuutta on nostettu 3 GHz:iin asti.

Etenkin 939-kantaiset prosessorit (ja nimenomaan 1yy-mallinumeron Opteronit) ovat nousseet tietokoneharrastajien suosioon niiden hyvien ylikellottamisominaisuuksien vuoksi.

K8-ytimisien Opteron-prosessorien mallinumeroiden muodostuminen

Jokaisen Opteronin mallinumero koostuu kolmesta tai neljästä numerosta: Opteron xnyy tai Opteron xyy

Ensimmäinen numero (x) kertoo montako prosessoria kyseisessä kokoonpanossa voi olla:

  • 1 – suunniteltu yksiprosessorisille järjestelmille
  • 2 – suunniteltu kaksiprosessorisille järjestelmille
  • 8 – suunniteltu neli- tai kahdeksanprosessorisille järjestelmille

Viimeiset numerot (yy) kertovat kyseisen prosessorin suhteellisen suorituskyvyn (kellotaajuudesta riippuva).

xnyy-mallinumeroisten Opteronien n kertoo suoritinkannan mallin. Numero 2 kertoo Opteronin olevan suoritinkannaltaan Socket F (1207) tai Socket AM2.

  • 1000-sarjan suoritinkanta on Socket AM2: Mallit 12yy
  • 2000-sarjan suoritinkanta on Socket F (1207): Mallit 22yy
  • 8000-sarjan suoritinkanta on Socket F (1207): Mallit 82yy

xnyy-mallinumeroisten Opteronien suoritinkanta on aina joko Socket AM2 tai Socket F, ja ne käyttävät DDR2-muisteja.

K8-ytimisten Opteron-prosessorien mallit

Opteron (130 nm SOI)

Yksiytimiset – SledgeHammer (1yy, 2yy, 8yy)

Opteron (90 nm SOI)

Yksiytimiset – Venus (1yy), Troy (2yy), Athens (8yy)
Dual-core eli kaksiytimiset – Denmark (1yy), Italy (2yy), Egypt (8yy) sekä Santa Ana ja Santa Rosa (1nyy, 2nyy, 8nyy)

Istanbul

Istanbul-koodinimellä tunnettu Opteron integroi kuusi ydintä samalle prosessorille.[2] Mallissa on HT Assist -ominaisuus, joka seuraa välimuistin käyttöä vähentäen suorittimien välistä liikennettä.[2] Istanbul valmistetaan GlobalFoundriesin 45 nanometrin SOI-tekniikalla ja sisältää 904 miljoonaa transistoria.[2]

Kahdeksannen sukupolven palvelinsuorittimen x86-kilpailijat

  • Intel Xeon 5100 (ja Intelin Core-arkkitehtuuriin perustuvat prosessorit, kuten Core 2)

Lähteet

  1. ↑ [1]
  2. ↑ a b c Scott Wasson: AMD’s ‘Istanbul’ six-core Opteron processors techreport.com. 1.6.2009. Viitattu 17.2.2022. (englanniksi)

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