Etnomusikologia

Frances Densmore oinbeltz buruzagi baten ahotsa grabatzen, Smithsonian Institution (1916).

Etnomusikologia musikaren azterketaren hainbat ikuspegi biltzen dituen arlo akademikoa da, eta haren dimentsio kulturalak, sozialak, materialak, kognitiboak, biologikoak eta beste testuinguru batzuk nabarmentzen ditu, soinu isolatuak edo errepertorio berezi bat bezala. Musikaren antropologiatzat har daiteke.

Terminoa Jaap Kunst musikariak sortu zuen, grezierazko ἔθνος ethnos (nazio) y μουσική mousike (musika) bilduz, hain zuzen ere, "musikaren antropologia edo etnografia". Jeff Todd Titonek "musika egiten duten pertsonen estudioa" deitu zion.[1] Normalean mendebaldekoa ez den musikaren azterketa dela uste den arren, etnomusikologiak mendebaldeko musika ikuspegi antropologikotik edo soziologikotik aztertzea ere hartzen du. Bruno Nettlen ustez, Mendebaldeko pentsamenduaren emaitza da, "etnomusikologia Mendebaldeko kultura" dela aldarrikatuz, gaur egun Mendebaldeko fenomeno gisa ezagutzen dena. Nettlek uste du mugak daudela kultura batetik musikaren esanahia ateratzeko, mendebaldeko behatzaile batek kultura horrekiko duen pertzepzio-distantziagatik; hala ere, bere musika-tradizioak aztertzen dituzten akademikoen prebalentziaren hazkundeak eta ikerketaren esparru teoriko eta metodologia desberdinen maila gero eta handiagoak emaitza nahiko kritikoa eman dute, Nettlena kasu.[2]

Aldez aurreko argitalpenak ikasi ondoren, etnomusikologoek in situ behatzen dute musika ematen diren lekuetan (baina ez beti). Landa-lan honek musika jatorrizko lekuetan grabatzea eta transkribatzea, bertako musikariekin elkarrizketak egitea eta musika-estilo horren barruan egiten ikastea (bimusikalitatea deritzona) ekar dezake.[3]

Erreferentziak

  1. ↑ Titon, Jeff Todd: Worlds of Music, 2nd ed. New York: Schirmer Books, 1992, p. xxi.
  2. ↑ Bruno Nettl 1983:25 - The Study of Ethnomusicology. Urbana, Chicago, and London: University of Illinois Press.
  3. ↑ Hood, Mantle. (1960). «The Challenge of Bi-musicality» Ethnomusicology 4: 55–59..

Kanpo estekak


Antropologia Artikulu hau antropologiari buruzko zirriborroa da. Wikipedia lagun dezakezu edukia osatuz.

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