Pseudomyrmex triplarinus

Pseudomyrmex triplarinus
Taxonomía
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Arthropoda
Clase: Insecta
Orden: Hymenoptera
Suborden: Apocrita
Superfamilia: Vespoidea
Familia: Formicidae
Subfamilia: Pseudomyrmecinae
Género: Pseudomyrmex
Especie: Pseudomyrmex triplarinus
Weddell, 1850[1]​
Subespecies[2]​

Pseudomyrmex triplarinus cordobensis Forel, 1914
Pseudomyrmex triplarinus rurrenabaquensis Wheeler & Mann, 1942
Pseudomyrmex triplarinus symbioticus Forel, 1904
Pseudomyrmex triplarinus triplarinus Weddell, 1850

Sinonimia

Pseudomyrma arborissanctae
Myrmica triplarina

[editar datos en Wikidata]

La hormiga varasanta (Pseudomyrmex triplarinus) es una especie de hormiga (familia Formicidae). Vive en las regiones tropicales de América del Sur en los árboles del género Triplaris (T. americana, T. cumingiama, T. felipensis),[3]​ con los cuales mantiene una relación mutualista. Se caracteriza por atacar a cualquier animal que se acerque al árbol en que vive y por la manera como destruye la vegetación de sus alrededores.[3]​

Las obreras miden entre 8 y 9 mm de longitud,[4]​ con la cabeza entre 1,03 mm y 1,46 mm de largo por 1 mm a 1,41 mm de ancho, las reinas son algo mayores, con longitud de la cabeza entre 1,46 mm y 1,6 mm.[3]​ Las patas son relativamente largas con respecto a las demás hormigas de su género.

Es pariente muy cercana de las especies P. mordax de Centroamérica y norte de Colombia, cuyas patas son más cortas; de P. dendroicus de la Orinoquia y la Amazonia, cuyas reinas son bastante grandes; y P. triplaridis de las Guayanas y el norte de Brasil, que es más pequeña, especies las cuales también viven en árboles Triplaris[3]​ y son designadas también como hormigas varasanta.

Su veneno está siendo experimentado para tratar la artritis reumatoide.[3]​[5]​

Referencias

  1. ↑ Weddell Hugh A. (1850) "Additions a la flore de l'America du sul (Suite)" Annales des sciences naturelles Botanique 13 (3): 249-268.
  2. ↑ ITIS report Pseudomyrmex triplarinus (Weddell, 1850) Consultado el 9 de octubre de 2009.
  3. ↑ a b c d e Ward, Philip S. (1999) "Systematics, biogeography and host plant associations of the Pseudomyrmex viduus group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae), Triplaris- and Tachigali-inhabiting ants"; Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 126: 451–540 (505-509). Consultado el 14 de abril de 2014.
  4. ↑ Hormigas Amazónicas; INKATERRA. Consultada el 14 de abril de 2014.
  5. ↑ Méndez Vedia, Javier (2012) Miles de cruceños usan un veneno para curarse la artritis; El Deber, 5 de diciembre de 2012. Consultado el 14 de abril de 2014.

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