Optio

Recreación de un optio.

En el ejército romano, el optio era el suboficial que servía de lugarteniente al centurión de cada centuria y al decurio de cada turma de caballería. Podía ser designado por el superior inmediato o ser elegido por sus compañeros, valorándose su valor, destreza militar y dotes de mando.

Estaba clasificado de entre los milites principales y poseía la categoría de duplicarius, es decir, estaba rebajado de tareas pesadas y cobraba doble paga. Aspiraba a ser nombrado centurión, y cuando había alcanzado la cualificación suficiente, recibía el título de optio ad spem ordinis.

Tipos de optio

Estela funeraria del siglo I de Tito Calidio Severo procedente de Carnuntum (Petronell, Austria). Calidio fue optio de la Cohors I Alpinorum equitata antes de ascender a centurión de la Legio XV Apollinaris.

Además de estos optiones, existían otros a cargo de diferentes tareas, como:

  • Optio ad carcerem: al frente de la prisión militar de un castra legionis o de un castellum auxiliar.
  • Optio candidatus: suboficial que ha sido designado por el jefe de su unidad para alcanzar un rango superior, normalmente el de centurión.
  • Optio carceris: suboficial encargado de las celdas de una prisión.
  • Optio centuriae u Optio centurionis: lugarteniente de cada centuria.
  • Optio custodiarum: suboficial a cargo de la guardia.
  • Optio draconarius: en el ejército bajoimperial era el suboficial más veterano de entre los portaestandartes o draconarii.
  • Optio equitum: suboficial de la caballería legionaria y de la guardia pretoriana.
  • Optio fabricae: encargado de la sección de reparación y fabricación de armas de su unidad.
  • Optio navaliorum: suboficial de un navío de guerra, dependiente directamente del capitán.
  • Optio praetorii: suboficial al frente de las dependencias del cuartel general de su unidad, tanto principia como praetorium.
  • Optio principalis: indicación de la categoría a la que pertenecía.
  • Optio speculatorum: optio al frente de los speculatores, soldados encargados de las labores de exploración y espionaje militar.
  • Optio stratorum: optio al frente de los stratores o soldados destinados a la función de policía militar.
  • Optio tribuni: suboficial destinado como asistente de un tribunus militum.
  • Optio valetudinarii: encargado de las instalaciones del valetudinarium u hospital de su unidad.

Bibliografía

  • Y. Le Bohec, El ejército romano: instrumento para la conquista de un imperio, Ed. Ariel, Barcelona, 2004, ISBN 84-344-6723-2 978-84-344-6723-1
  • A. Goldsworthy, El ejército romano, Ed. Akal, Madrid, 2005, ISBN 84-460-2234-6, 978-84-460-2234-6
  • David J. Breeze, "A Note on the Use of the Titles 'Optio' and 'Magister' below the Centurionate during the Principate", Britannia 7, 1976, pp. 127-133[1].

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