Larus dominicanus

Gaviota dominicana
Estado de conservación
Preocupación menor (LC)
Preocupación menor (UICN)[1]
Taxonomía
Reino: Animalia
Filo: Chordata
Clase: Aves
Orden: Charadriiformes
Familia: Laridae
Género: Larus
Especie: L. dominicanus
(Lichtenstein, 1823)
Distribución
Gaviota dominicana en Puñihuil, Isla Grande de Chiloé.

La gaviota dominicana o gaviota cocinera (Larus dominicanus) es una especie de ave Charadriiforme de la familia Laridae que habita las costas e islas del Hemisferio Sur.[2]

Larus dominicanus en la costa de Puerto Pirámides.

Descripción

Los adultos tienen las partes superiores y alas de color negro. La cabeza, pecho, y cola son de color blanco. El pico es amarillo con una mancha roja y las patas tienen coloración amarilla. Miden entre 55 y 60 cm de largo y unos 128 cm de largo alar. La llamada o canto es estridente. Los juveniles tienen el dorso negro-castaño escamoso y tardan cuatro años en alcanzar la madurez.[3][4]​ Se han observado alimentándose de las ballenas francas vivas por lo menos desde 1996.[2]

Hábitat

Es una gaviota principalmente costera. El nido es una depresión poco profunda en la tierra con vegetación y plumas. La hembra normalmente pone 2 o 3 huevos.[2]​ Ambos padres alimentan los polluelos jóvenes. Se encuentra en variadas zonas, desde costas hasta incluso la Patagonia y Antártida. Sus poblaciones se están expandiendo debido a la oferta alimenticia de los basurales a cielo abierto, ocupando ecosistemas de agua dulce5.

Alimentación

Son aves omnívoras como la mayoría de las gaviotas del género Larus; recogen basura y presas pequeñas a medianas para alimentarse.

Subespecies

Rostro de Larus dominicanus, en Concón, Chile.

Existen cinco subespecies de Larus dominicanus:[5]

Referencias

  1. BirdLife International (2010). «'Larus dominicanus». Lista Roja de especies amenazadas de la UICN 2010.4 (en inglés). ISSN 2307-8235. Consultado el mayo de 2011. 
  2. a b c Leichtle, Jorge (2020). La gaviota dominicana, un ave cosmopolita. Editorial Académica Española. ISBN 978-620-0-41467-0. 
  3. Izaguirre, Irina; Mataloni, Gabriela (2000). Antártida, descubriendo el continente blanco. Del Nuevo Extremo. p. 68. 
  4. Crawford; Dyer; Upfold (200). «Age at first breeding and change in plumage of kelp gulls Larus dominicanus in South Africa». South African Journal of Marine Science 22 (1). 
  5. Zoonomen. «Birds of the World -- current valid scientific avian names.» (en inglés). Consultado el 24 de abril de 2009. 
  6. Frixione, M. G., Casaux, R., Villanueva, C. and Alarcón, P. A. E. (2012) A recently established Kelp Gull colony in a freshwater environment supported by an inland refuse dump in Patagonia. Emu 112: 174–178.

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